Does Timing Matter? A Narrative Review of Intermittent Fasting Variants and Their Effects on Bodyweight and Body Composition

Aragon, Alan A.; Schöenfeld, Brad J.

doi:10.3390/nu14235022

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…When looking at a 20:4 regimen and its impact on an 8-week resistance program no significant difference was noted in total body composition and the cross-sectional area of muscle [ 113 ]. Of note, it is important to maintain a resistance training regimen during TRE, as a robust narrative review conducted by Aragon and Schoenfeld demonstrated that without resistance training, many who use TRE as a dietary strategy lose lean muscle mass over time [ 114 ]. Studies have not assessed the specifics of the 5:2 diet in humans, but early mouse models showed an improvement in endurance [ 115 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Popular Dietary Trends’ Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review

et al. 2023

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Background: Nutrition fuels optimal performance for athletes. With increased research developments, numerous diets available, and publicity from professional athletes, a review of dietary patterns impact on athletic performance is warranted. Results: The Mediterranean diet is a low inflammatory diet linked to improved power and muscle endurance and body composition. Ketogenic diets are restrictive of carbohydrates and proteins. Though both show no decrements in weight loss, ketogenic diets, which is a more restrictive form of low-carbohydrate diets, can be more difficult to follow. High-protein and protein-paced versions of low-carbohydrate diets have also shown to benefit athletic performance. Plant-based diets have many variations. Vegans are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies and decreased leucine content, and therefore, decreased muscle protein synthesis. However, the literature has not shown decreases in performance compared to omnivores. Intermittent fasting has many different versions, which may not suit those with comorbidities or specific needs as well as lead to decreases in sprint speed and worsening time to exhaustion. Conclusions: This paper critically evaluates the research on diets in relation to athletic performance and details some of the potential risks that should be monitored. No one diet is universally recommend for athletes; however, this article provides the information for athletes to analyze, in conjunction with medical professional counsel, their own diet and consider sustainable changes that can help achieve performance and body habitus goals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Popular Dietary Trends’ Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review

et al. 2023

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Keto Menu–Effect of Ketogenic Menu and Intermittent Fasting on the Biochemical Markers and Body Composition in a Physically Active Man—A Controlled Case Study

Dyńka,

Paziewska,

Kowalcze

2023

Foods

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The combination of ketogenic diet (KD) with intermittent fasting (IF) has, for years, aroused a great interest in the scientific world and among healthy lifestyle enthusiasts. Its importance is even greater when the study subjects are physically active individuals. The aim of the study was a determination of the effect of strict calculated ketogenic menu combined with IF and with caloric deficit on the selected biochemical markers and body composition in a 23-year-old man performing strength training. At the same time, we decided to conduct the first so-deeply investigated and controlled case study in this respect. The study protocol included a 13-week-long ketogenic diet with intermittent fasting (of delayed time-restricted eating 16:8 type) and caloric deficit. A detailed menu was designed and was used by the man throughout the whole study duration. A number of blood tests were performed before and after the implemented dietary intervention. Additionally, body composition was determined weekly and the concentrations of glucose and ketone bodies, as well as pulse rate and arterial pressure, were measured daily. The most important changes noted included a significant increase in testosterone and vitamin D concentrations and significant reduction in the HOMA-IR index and concentrations of hepatic enzymes, insulin, glucose, iron, urea, and free triiodothyronine (FT3). Moreover, a significant improvement of body composition occurred (the ratio of total body mass to the adipose and muscular tissue and water mass improved). Favourable changes were also noted in heart rate and arterial pressure values. In view of that, the KD with IF and caloric deficit exerted favourable effects on most biochemical parameters and on body composition and caused an almost twofold increase in serum testosterone concentration.

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Intermittent Fasting as a Potential Therapeutic Instrument for Major Depression Disorder: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Studies

Murta,

Seixas,

Harada

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Recent studies have reported positive effects of Intermittent Fasting (IF) on metabolic parameters, cognition, and mood. However, regarding depressive symptoms, the effect of IF is not clear. The purpose of this review was to assess the available evidence on IF interventions for depression in both clinical and preclinical studies. Of the 23 included studies, 15 were performed on humans and 8 on animal models. The studies on rodents suggested that IF acts as a circadian regulator, improving neurotransmitter availability and increasing the levels of neurotrophic factors in the brain. However, the investigations on humans mainly evaluated healthy volunteers and showed a great heterogeneity regarding both the IF regimen studied and the observed effects on mood. Most available clinical trials have specific limitations, such as small sample sizes and uncontrolled designs. A comprehensive systematic review was conducted on five databases, PubMed, Cochrane, the Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science databases, BVS and Scopus, identifying 23 relevant studies up to 6 October 2022. IF has potentially relevant physiological effects for the treatment of mood disorders, but better designed studies and controlled evaluations are needed to evaluate its efficiency in the treatment of major depression.

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Does Timing Matter? A Narrative Review of Intermittent Fasting Variants and Their Effects on Bodyweight and Body Composition

Cited by 3 publications

References 75 publications

Popular Dietary Trends’ Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review

Popular Dietary Trends’ Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review

Keto Menu–Effect of Ketogenic Menu and Intermittent Fasting on the Biochemical Markers and Body Composition in a Physically Active Man—A Controlled Case Study

Intermittent Fasting as a Potential Therapeutic Instrument for Major Depression Disorder: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Studies

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