Does the Worldwide Shift of FDI from Manufacturing to Services Accelerate Economic Growth: A GMM Estimation Study

The impact of FDI on child labor: Insights from an empirical analysis of sectoral FDI data and case studies

“…However, child labor tends to decrease with increases of FDI in manufacturing and services (Table 4). Manufacturing and services FDI in this region has been known to contribute to economic growth (Doytch & Uctum, 2011). As such these sectors are indirectly expected to contribute to schooling in this region as well.…”

The impact of bank capital on profitability and risk in Asian banking

“…Blundell and Bond (2000) show that a system panel estimator that simultaneously uses difference panel data and data based on the original levels of specification gives rise to dramatic increases in both consistency and efficiency (Beck and Levine, 2004;Doytch and Uctum, 2011). Table 6 reports the empirical results of the full sample when Eq.…”

“…This study applies the two-step dynamic panel data approach suggested by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (2000) and also uses dynamic panel GMM technique to address potential endogeneity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation problems in the data (Doytch and Uctum, 2011). The system estimator provides for a more flexible variance-covariance structure under the moment conditions.…”

Market structure, institutional framework and bank efficiency in ASEAN 5

“…This can be done because the GMM approach assumes that heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation exist within individual but not across M a n u s c r i p t banks. Hence, the GMM technique is superior in addressing potential endogeneity, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation problems (Doytch and Uctum 2011).…”