Does the Microbiota Play a Pivotal Role in the Pathogenesis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

Fagoonee, Sharmila; Pellicano, Rinaldo

doi:10.3390/jcm8111808

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Similar findings are discussed by Fagoonee et al [95], thus one could be tempted to further suggest that the proinflammatory processes in IBS could be correlated with changes in both intestinal cell inflammation and microbiota changes which could trigger modified immune response.…”

Section: When Things Get Inflamedsupporting

confidence: 78%

Irritable Bowel Syndrome between Molecular Approach and Clinical Expertise—Searching for Gap Fillers in the Oxidative Stress Way of Thinking

et al. 2020

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains to date an intriguing functional gastrointestinal disorder. Recent studies described a multitude of exogenous factors that work together in IBS, gradually impairing intestinal lining cellular metabolism, including oxidative status balance, with or without a genetic background. Although the current biomarkers support the differentiation between IBS subtypes and other functional gastrointestinal disorder, they are mostly non-specific, referring to clinical, biochemical, and inflammatory imbalances. Since IBS could be also the result of deficient signaling pathways involving both gastrointestinal secretion and neuro-vegetative stimulation, IBS makes no exception from the oxidative hypothesis in the pathological mechanisms. Regarding the oxidative stress implication in IBS, the previous research efforts showed controversial results, with some animal models and patient studies reporting clear oxidative imbalance both on systemic and local levels, but still with no concrete evidence to point to a direct correlation between oxidative stress and IBS. Additionally, it seems that a major role could be also attributed to gut microbiota and their ability to shape our bodies and behaviors. Moreover, the genetic features study in IBS patients showed that several genetic similarities point to a possible correlation of IBS with affective spectrum disorders. Thus, we focus here the discussion on the assumption that IBS could in fact be more likely a stress-related disorder rather than a gastrointestinal one.

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Section: When Things Get Inflamedsupporting

confidence: 78%

Irritable Bowel Syndrome between Molecular Approach and Clinical Expertise—Searching for Gap Fillers in the Oxidative Stress Way of Thinking

et al. 2020

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“…IBS is a complex heterogeneous condition with a multifactorial pathogenesis. Proposed mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of IBS include visceral hypersensitivity, gut-brain axis alterations, disorders in the epithelial barrier integrity leading to abnormal mucosal intestinal permeability, changed intestinal motility, immune system activation, food intolerance, low-grade inflammation, altered enteroendocrine pathways signaling, genetic basis (e.g., mutation in the SC5NA gene encoding a sodium channel ion; a number of single-nucleotide polymorphism studies have also identified polymorphisms in genes associated with IBS pathogenesis including genes coding for serotonin signaling, immune regulation, and epithelial barrier function), and the evolving concept of dysbiosis in the gut microbiota ( Figure 1) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolving Role of Gut Microbiota in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Overview of the Current Knowledge

Mari

Baker

Mahamid

et al. 2020

JCM

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The intestinal microbiota is one of the most rapidly evolving areas in biology and medicine. Extensive research in the last decade has escalated our understanding of the role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of several intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders. Marked by high prevalence, substantial morbidity, and enormous costs, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an important chronic gastrointestinal disorder that is widely encountered by gastroenterologists. Despite advances in our understanding of its pathophysiology, curative interventions have yet to be discovered, and therapeutic approaches remain symptom-driven. Recently, accumulating evidence has enlightened the possible impact of an imbalanced gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of IBS. In fact, several studies have documented altered microbiota in patients, while others have shown that IBS severity was associated with a distinct microbiota signature. These findings may pave the way for the use of microbiota manipulation strategies as an attractive option for IBS management, and may have an essential role in efforts to reduce the societal and economic effects of this ever-growing disorder. In this review, we have outlined the results of the latest research on the association between microbiota and IBS and their implications for the clinical management of affected patients.

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“…Interest in this field has grown and intestinal microbiota and microbiome have become a key topic of investigation in several GI diseases. In the quest for the cause of IBD, the involvement of several bacterial species as well as a decrease in diversity of the intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis), with a reduction of 25% in the bacterial species have been found [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Actis¹,

Pellicano

Fagoonee

et al. 2019

JCM

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and unknown etiology. In this review, we identified three main eras in the IBD history. Between the 19th and the 20th century, the primary task had been the definition of the diagnostic criteria in order to differentiate the new entity from intestinal tuberculosis. In the 20th century, an intense and prolific therapeutic research prevailed, culminating in the introduction of biological drugs in the clinical setting. Since the beginning of the 21st century, traditional definition criteria have been challenged by holistic criteria in an effort to seek a still unattained cure. Centuries of worldwide efforts on IBD etiology and therapy search have culminated in this novel strategy.

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Does the Microbiota Play a Pivotal Role in the Pathogenesis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

Abstract: The microbial community that lives in the human body, called the microbiota, consists of a large variety of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, eukaryotes and archae [...]

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Irritable Bowel Syndrome between Molecular Approach and Clinical Expertise—Searching for Gap Fillers in the Oxidative Stress Way of Thinking

Irritable Bowel Syndrome between Molecular Approach and Clinical Expertise—Searching for Gap Fillers in the Oxidative Stress Way of Thinking

The Evolving Role of Gut Microbiota in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Overview of the Current Knowledge

History of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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