Does the frequency content of the surface mechanomyographic signal reflect motor unit firing rates? A brief review

Beck, Travis W.; Housh, Terry J.; Johnson, Glen O.; Cramer, Joel T.; Weir, Joseph P.; Coburn, Jared W.; Malek, Moh H.

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.12.002

Cited by 97 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(282 reference statements)

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“…During voluntary muscle actions, the MMG signal represents a summation of the mechanical activity from individual motor units. The time and frequency domains of the MMG signal have been suggested to reflect motor unit recruitment and firing rate, respectively [Beck et al, 2007;Orizio, 1993]. MMG signals were recorded from the vastus lateralis muscle during repetitive isometric contractions at 20% MVC [Karabulut et al, 2006] ( Table 2).…”

Section: Acute Responses Neural Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of neuromuscular adaptations of skeletal muscle to KAATSU Training

Karabulut

Abe

Sato

et al. 2007

Int. J. KAATSU Ttaining Res.

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Skeletal muscle adapts to a progressive overload, but the response can vary between different modes and intensities of exercise. Generally, a minimal threshold intensity of 65% of the one repetition maximum (1-RM) is needed to elicit muscle hypertrophy; however, recent studies have challenged this hypothesis and have provided evidence that low-intensity training (LIT) combined with vascular restriction (KAATSU) may also elicit increases in muscle size and strength. The physiological aspects of applying vascular restriction during exercise are not fully understood and may be explained by several factors. Examining the results of previous studies may help elucidate the factors responsible for the adaptations associated with vascular restriction in humans. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to summarize current knowledge regarding the physiological adaptations of skeletal muscle after low-intensity exercise combined with vascular restriction, the different training protocols used to elicit adaptations, and suggested areas for future research.

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Section: Acute Responses Neural Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of neuromuscular adaptations of skeletal muscle to KAATSU Training

Karabulut

Abe

Sato

et al. 2007

Int. J. KAATSU Ttaining Res.

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“…36 Several studies 7,15,21 reported stretching-induced decreases in EMG amplitude, but again at least 1 study 20 reported no changes in EMG amplitude after stretching. Furthermore, the frequency domains of the EMG and MMG signals may be able to track changes in muscle action potential conduction velocity 2 and motor unit firing rates, 5 respectively. Avela et al 1 reported stretching-induced decreases in motor unit firing rates recorded using fine-wire EMG and speculated that a supraspinal fatigue mechanism may be responsible for decreases in muscle strength and activation after a bout of stretching.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Acute Bout of Static Stretching Does Not Affect Maximal Eccentric Isokinetic Peak Torque, the Joint Angle at Peak Torque, Mean Power, Electromyography, or Mechanomyography

Cramer¹,

Housh²,

Johnson³

et al. 2007

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…This can be associated with muscular length (Frangioni et al, 1987;Vaz et al, 1997) or with the thickness of the tissue between the muscle and the MMG sensor (Beck et al, 2007;Orizio, 1993) to corroborate the different results found in distinct contractions and/ or movements. Esposito et al (2011) found that after acute muscular passive stretching, viscoelastic characteristics of the muscle-tendon unit are modified, which decreases the peak tetanic force.…”

Section: Different Muscular Lengthsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The MMG spectral content provide information regarding motor unit firing rate (Orizio et al, 2003). Beck et al (2007) suggested that the MMG spectral analysis information is qualitative and reflects the global motor unit firing rate rather than the firing rates of a particular group of motor units as stated by Orizio et al(2003). Krueger-Beck et al (2010a) found that during functional electrical stimulation (FES) application in healthy and spinal cord injured volunteers, as illustrated in Figure 3, MMG RMSa and MMG MDF values tend to diverge as a result of muscle fatigue and/or motoneuron (spike frequency) adaptation.…”

Section: Neuromuscular Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of the 18th century, scientists realized that the contractions of skeletal muscles (Herroun and Yeo, 1885) could be detected (audibly) on the skin surface (Beck et al, 2007;Brozovich and Pollack, 1983). In 1948, Gordon and Holbourn used a crystal microphone to register the sound of single motor units during muscular contractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances and perspectives of mechanomyography

Krueger

Scheeren

Nogueira-Neto

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Eng. Bioméd.

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Introduction: The evaluation of muscular tissue condition can be accomplished with mechanomyography (MMG), a technique that registers intramuscular mechanical waves produced during a fi ber's contraction and stretching that are sensed or interfaced on the skin surface. Objective: Considering the scope of MMG measurements and recent advances involving the technique, the goal of this paper is to discuss mechanomyography updates and discuss its applications and potential future applications. Methods: Forty-three MMG studies were published between the years of 1987 and 2013. Results: MMG sensors are developed with different technologies such as condenser microphones, accelerometers, laser-based instruments, etc. Experimental protocols that are described in scientifi c publications typically investigated the condition of the vastus lateralis muscle and used sensors built with accelerometers, third and fourth order Butterworth fi lters, 5-100Hz frequency bandpass, signal analysis using Root Mean Square (RMS) (temporal), Median Frequency (MDF) and Mean Power Frequency (MPF) (spectral) features, with epochs of 1 s. Conclusion: Mechanomyographic responses obtained in isometric contractions differ from those observed during dynamic contractions in both passive and functional electrical stimulation evoked movements. In the near future, MMG features applied to biofeedback closed-loop systems will help people with disabilities, such as spinal cord injury or limb amputation because they may improve both neural and myoelectric prosthetic control. Muscular tissue assessment is a new application area enabled by MMG; it can be useful in evaluating the muscular tonus in anesthetic blockade or in pathologies such as myotonic dystrophy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and disorders including dysphagia, myalgia and spastic hypertonia. New research becomes necessary to improve the effi ciency of MMG systems and increase their application in rehabilitation, clinical and other health areas.

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Does the frequency content of the surface mechanomyographic signal reflect motor unit firing rates? A brief review

Cited by 97 publications

References 78 publications

Overview of neuromuscular adaptations of skeletal muscle to KAATSU Training

Overview of neuromuscular adaptations of skeletal muscle to KAATSU Training

An Acute Bout of Static Stretching Does Not Affect Maximal Eccentric Isokinetic Peak Torque, the Joint Angle at Peak Torque, Mean Power, Electromyography, or Mechanomyography

Advances and perspectives of mechanomyography

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