Does the flatting of the curve of spee affect the chewing force distribution in the mandible? (3D finite element study)

Hasan, Lamiaa A.; Qassar, Sarmad S. Salih Al; Alrawi, Mohammad N; Alhajar, Emad Hazim Kasim

doi:10.4103/jos.jos_39_20

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…It has been previously discussed how the CS affects force distribution in the oral cavity and how modifications to the CSCS are necessary after extensive orthodontic and prosthetic therapy [ 3 , 4 ]. The removal of stresses from the condyle, as well as the maxilla and mandible, has been said to be essential for improving masticatory efficiency and lowering total strain on a patient's oral cavity [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the foundation of the optimal tooth arrangement is dependent on the restoration of compensatory curves, which promotes harmony between the anterior teeth and condylar guidance [25]. However, previous studies did not demonstrate obvious relation between the accentuated and reverse CS and its efect on bite force and chewing ability [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unveiling the Influence of the Curve of Spee on Bite Force and Chewing Ability: A Comparative Study

Ali Alkhalaf,

Sghaireen,

Ganji

et al. 2024

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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Aim. To investigate the impact of the curve of Spee (CS) accentuation on bite force, chewing ability, and additionally, other factors that influence chewing ability and bite force such as restorations, caries, gender, habits, and TMJ problems. Materials and Methods. 231 participants (118 male and 113 female, mean age = ±27.96 years) were recruited for this cross-section study. Participants completed a data collection sheet in which age, gender, Angle’s classification of malocclusion, overjet, overbite, TMJ problems, habits, restorations, and caries experience were recorded. Two examiners made a lower impression, chewing ability test and measured the bite force for each participant. Measurement of the CS was obtained digitally from the poured dental cast, and the categorization was as follows: flat (<1 mm), normal (1-2 mm), or deep (>2 mm). Results. The mean maximum bite force (MBF) was 468.722 N for participants with flat CS, 389.822 N for normal CS, 647.08 N for deep CS, and 384.667 N for reverse CS. The average MBF was higher for participants with deep CS (p<0.05). MBF force was higher in males. However, BMI was not significantly related to MBF values. Participants with normal and flat CS have comparable chewing capacity (p>0.05). Also, a significant difference in bite force and chewing ability was found between the three categories of CS (p<0.05). Conclusion. Bite force variations across various CS types were linked to gender and habits. Chewing ability showed no differences concerning gender, habits, TMJ problems, caries, or restorations, emphasizing CS’s significant impact on bite force while showcasing the unchanged nature of chewing ability amidst diverse factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Influence of the Curve of Spee on Bite Force and Chewing Ability: A Comparative Study

Ali Alkhalaf,

Sghaireen,

Ganji

et al. 2024

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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“…4 In silico simulation studies indicated that excessive flattening the curve of Spee was associated with increased stresses over the whole mandible and reduced mesiodistal tooth displacement. 11 For many orthodontic patients, especially those with deepbite, levelling the curve of Spee is often set as treatment goal, despite the lack of robust scientific justification from a biomechanical point of view. Levelling an accentuated curve of Spee might be accomplished through various tooth movements including molar uprighting, premolar extrusion, and incisor intrusion or flaring, 12 depending on the case.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term stability of curve of Spee depth among orthodontically treated patients: A retrospective longitudinal study

Busenhart,

Schätzle,

Eliades

et al. 2024

Orthod Craniofacial Res

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ObjectiveThe curve of Spee is deemed important characteristic of the dentition for a balanced occlusion and distribution of masticatory forces, while orthodontic levelling of an accentuated curve of Spee is generally included as a treatment goal for deepbite correction. However, relapse is often seen and can be problematic.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study of predominantly young patients with a deep curve of Spee, who had been treated orthodontically with 0.018”‐slot Edgewise fixed appliances, was performed. The depth of the curve of Spee was digitally measured before treatment (T1), at debond (T2), and an average of 7 years post‐debond (T3) and analysed statistically at 5%.ResultsA total of 157 patients were included (56.7% female; 11.6‐year‐old at T1), 16.6% of which were treated with premolars extractions. Non‐extraction treatment reduced the curve of Spee at the first premolar from 1.87 mm (T1) to 0.22 mm (T2), which relapsed 0.12 mm (T3; P = .04). The respective depths for the second premolar were 2.0 mm (T1), reduced to 0.80 mm (T2). No significant relapse was seen for the second premolar (0.08 mm; P > .05) or the first permanent molar (0.06 mm; P > .05). No overall significant differences in absolute relapse were seen between extraction and non‐extraction patients, but premolar extractions were associated with less clinically relevant relapse at the first molar (odds ratio 0.27; 95%‐confidence interval 0.08‐0.88; P = .003).ConclusionSteep curves of Spee can be satisfactorily levelled orthodontically with satisfactory stability in the long term, while premolar extractions might be associated with less relapse.

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The Effect of Accentuation of Curve of Spee on Masticatory Efficiency—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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Background: The appropriate alignment of the lower teeth is indicated by the Curve of Spee (COS), which can be observed in the sagittal profile view of human skulls. Graf Von Spee made the initial observation on this occlusal curvature. Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated studies that looked at how COS affected masticatory activities. Methods: The databases PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus were all searched. A total of 12 documents were ultimately picked because they met the necessary inclusion and exclusion requirements. The data was then loaded into the RevMan 5 programme for meta-analysis after being chosen for information on the sample size, variables analyzed, and various aspects of the research. Results: The Curve of Spee was found to have a noticeable impact on both the masticatory efficiency as well as dentofacial alignment in the 12 studies that we selected for the review and meta-analysis. In addition, other occlusal curvatures such as the Curve of Monson and the Curve of Wilson were found to be of vital importance on a similar level to the COS. The meta-analysis further revealed that seven of the included clinical trials had mentioned the noticeable impact on masticatory efficiency. Conclusions: This study focused on the significance of the COS on force distribution in the oral cavity as well as the necessity of COS corrections after receiving full orthodontic care. Following orthodontic treatment, the COS, along with other occlusal curves such as the Curve of Wilson and the Curve of Monson, is essential in removing strains from the condyle, as well as the maxilla and mandible, which enhances masticatory effectiveness and lessens the overall strain on a patient’s oral cavity.

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Does the flatting of the curve of spee affect the chewing force distribution in the mandible? (3D finite element study)

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Unveiling the Influence of the Curve of Spee on Bite Force and Chewing Ability: A Comparative Study

Unveiling the Influence of the Curve of Spee on Bite Force and Chewing Ability: A Comparative Study

Long‐term stability of curve of Spee depth among orthodontically treated patients: A retrospective longitudinal study

The Effect of Accentuation of Curve of Spee on Masticatory Efficiency—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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