Does temperature stress induce nectar secretion in Mediterranean plants?

Petanidou, Theodora; Smets, Erik

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1996.tb01919.x

Cited by 88 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The heat tolerance of Ziziphus has been reported by Orwa et al (2009). Petanidou and Smets (1996) reported a positive correlation between all nectar values (i. e. volume per flower, sugar content and concentration) and temperatures in the Mediterranean up to 38°C for Thymus capitatus. Crystallization of the nectar on the surface of the flower may negatively affect the efficient collection of nectar by legitimate pollinators including honeybees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have been conducted on different species to quantify nectar secretion and to explore its dynamics, mainly in relation to pollination biology, phenology and biophysical factors of the environment (e.g. Petanidou and Smets, 1996;Castellanos et al, 2002;Galetto and Bernardello, 2004). Quantitative studies on nectar secretion of melliferous plants include those of Pesti (1976), Mohr and Jay (1990), Nepi et al (2001), Farkas and Orosz-Kovács (2003), Horváth and Orosz-Kovács (2004) and Zajácz et al (2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nectar of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd (Rhamnaceae): Dynamics of Secretion and Potential for Honey Production

Adgaba

Awad

Al-Ghamdi³

et al. 2012

Journal of Apicultural Science

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The nectar secretion of Ziziphus flowers was studied by removing and measuring the nectar every four hours, for two consecutive days, from 88 flowers of four trees (‘repeated sampling’). In another 120 flowers from the same trees, the accumulated sugar was measured at the end of the flowering stage. The mass of the nectar sugar was determined following the washing technique. The total amount of sugar per tree was calculated by multiplying the number of flowers per tree by the average mass of nectar sugar secreted per flower. The average mass of sugar produced per flower in repeated sampling was 0.79±0.54 mg/flower (range 0.09 - 2.48 mg). The average mass of sugar per flower for each of the four investigated trees was 1.43±0.53 mg, 0.72±0.27 mg, 0.94±0.39 mg and 0.37±0.26 mg, respectively. The differences among trees was statistically significant. For accumulated nectar, the overall average mass of sugar per flower was 0.55±0.23 mg (range 0.06 - 1.29 mg) and the average values for flowers on the investigated trees of Z. spina-christi were 0.69±0.26 mg, 0.41±0.16 mg, 0.51±0.16 mg and 0.53±0.21 mg; these variations were statistically significant. The average mass of nectar sugar calculated for the flowers with accumulated nectar sampling was significantly lower than the average mass of sugar recorded for repeated nectar sugar samplings (0.79±0.54 mg). According to this study, one Ziziphus tree is estimated to produce 3.6 kg of honey (range 2.2 - 5.2 kg), equivalent to about 900 kg of honey/ha (range 550 - 1300 kg). These figures indicate the high potential value of the plant for honey production. Nectar secretion was positively correlated with temperature, indicating the adaptation of the tree to hot climates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd (Rhamnaceae): Dynamics of Secretion and Potential for Honey Production

Adgaba

Awad

Al-Ghamdi³

et al. 2012

Journal of Apicultural Science

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“…An Finally, climate change may influence the availability of floral rewards such as nectar to pollinators, since it alters the availability of water (Willmer and Corbet, 1981;Petanidou and Smets, 1996), which in return can decrease pollinator foraging efficiency (Golubov et al, 1999). Petanidou and Smets (1996) showed that the floral nectar secretion of Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link, a widespread and characteristic plant of the Mediterranean, is significantly reduced at relatively high temperatures (> 32.5ºC).…”

Section: In the Aegeanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating plant—pollinator relationships in the Aegean: the approaches of the project POL-AEGIS (The pollinators of the Aegean archipelago: diversity and threats)

Petanidou

Ståhls

Vujić

et al. 2013

Journal of Apicultural Research

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SummaryWorldwide, there is a well-documented crisis for bees and other pollinators which represent a fundamental biotic capital for wild life conservation, ecosystem function, and crop production. Among all pollinators of the world, bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) constitute the major group in species number and importance, followed by hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). The Aegean constitutes one of the world's hotspots for wild bee and other pollinator diversity including flies (mainly hover flies and bee flies), beetles, and butterflies. Despite this advantage, our present knowledge on Greek pollinators is poor, due to a lack of focused and systematic research, absence of relevant taxonomic keys, and a general lack of taxonomic experts in the country. As a result, assessments of pollinator loss cannot be carried out and the causes for the potential pollinator loss in the country remain unknown. Consequently, the desperately needed National Red Data list for pollinators cannot be compiled. This new research (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) aims to contribute to the knowledge of the pollinator diversity in Greece, the threats pollinators face, as well as the impacts these threats may have on pollination services. The research is conducted in the Aegean archipelago on >20 islands and several mainland sites in Greece and Turkey. Prime goals are: i. the assessment of bee and hover fly diversity (species, genetic);ii. their pollination services; and iii. the effects of climate change, grazing, intensive bee-keeping, fires, electromagnetic radiation on bee diversity and ecology, as well as on plant-pollinator networks. At the same time, this research contributes to the taxonomic capital in Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean, focusing on the creation of the first identification keys for pollinators, the training of new scientists, as well as the enrichment and further development of the Melissotheque of the Aegean, a permanent reference collection of insect pollinators established at the

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“…7 et Tab. 2 ;Findlay et al, 1971 ;Nicolson, 1995), confirmant ce qui a déjà été observé chez plusieurs espèces sur le taux de sécrétion apparent (Huber, 1956 ;Villarreal et Freeman, 1990 ;Petanidou et Smets, 1996 ;Pacini et Nepi, 2007 ;Petanidou, 2007 ;Takkis et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Mesurer la sécrétion nectarifère : exemple d'une lignée hybride F1 et de son parent mâle stérile chez le colza d'hiver (Brassica napusL.)

Chabert¹,

Lemoine²,

Fronteau³

et al. 2017

OCL

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Reçu le 5 octobre 2017 -Accepté le 7 novembre 2017Résumé -Au cours de l'histoire évolutive des plantes à fleurs, l'apparition des nectaires floraux a permis de substituer le pollen par du nectar pour attirer les animaux pollinisateurs, permettant de diminuer les coûts de la pollinisation animale liés à la consommation du pollen. Dans les productions de semence hybride des cultures entomophiles, connaître le niveau de sécrétion nectarifère des lignées en présence, mâle fertile (MF) et mâle stérile (MS), est important si l'on souhaite maximiser les transferts de pollen entre les deux. Dans cet article, nous faisons tout d'abord une revue des méthodes qui existent pour mesurer la sécrétion nectarifère, puis retenons celle qui mesure un taux de sécrétion brut, qui permet d'exprimer une vitesse de sécrétion, pour l'utiliser sur deux lignées de colza d'hiver (Brassica napus L.), la variété hybride F1 Exocet MF et son parent MS. Nous montrons que la sécrétion nectarifère du colza est constante sur un intervalle de temps de 6-8 heures durant les heures du jour, que cette sécrétion admet une température optimale se situant entre 20°C et 30°C, et qu'elle est autour de deux fois moindre chez le parent MS par rapport à la lignée F1. Ces résultats permettent de proposer une méthode de mesure rigoureuse pour comparer la sécrétion nectarifère entre lignées ou variétés. Nous concluons sur les principales autres variables dont il faudrait tenir compte pour notamment pouvoir estimer la quantité totale de nectar sécrétée par une surface donnée de culture.Mots clés : méthode / sécrétion nectarifère / colza / semence hybride / température Abstract -Measuring nectar secretion: the example of an F1 hybrid and its male sterile parent in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). During the evolutionary history of flowering plants, the appearance of floral nectaries allowed the replacement of pollen by nectar to attract pollinators, allowing lower costs involved in animal pollination by reducing the consumption of pollen. In the hybrid seed productions of entomophilous crops, knowing the levels of nectar secretion of the different lines, the male fertile (MF) and the male sterile (MS) ones, is important to maximize pollen transfers between them. In this study, we start with a review of current methods used to measure nectar secretion, and choose the one that provides a gross secretion rate in order to use it on two winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) lines, the hybrid F1 'Exocet' and its MS parent. We show that oilseed rape has a gross nectar secretion rate that is constant over a period of 6-8 hours during daylight hours, that it has a thermal optimum included between 20°C and 30°C, and that the parental MS line secretes about half as much as the hybrid F1 one. These results enable us to propose a rigorous method to compare nectar secretions between lines and varieties. We conclude with the main other variables that should be taken into account to estimate the total amount of nectar produced by a given area of crop.

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Does temperature stress induce nectar secretion in Mediterranean plants?

Cited by 88 publications

References 15 publications

Nectar of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd (Rhamnaceae): Dynamics of Secretion and Potential for Honey Production

Nectar of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd (Rhamnaceae): Dynamics of Secretion and Potential for Honey Production

Investigating plant—pollinator relationships in the Aegean: the approaches of the project POL-AEGIS (The pollinators of the Aegean archipelago: diversity and threats)

Mesurer la sécrétion nectarifère : exemple d'une lignée hybride F1 et de son parent mâle stérile chez le colza d'hiver (Brassica napusL.)

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