Does stereopsis improve face identification? A study using a virtual reality display with integrated eye-tracking and pupillometry

Liu, Huan; Laeng, Bruno; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103142

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Pupillometry also has the advantage of being much simpler, less constraining and more affordable than approaches such as fMRI; consequently, pupillometry offers the possibility to include a relatively large number of patients at a moderate cost (Petridis et al., 2015; Quirins et al., 2018). Researchers working on different topics, such as decision‐making, facial perception or speech recognition, have combined pupillometry with eye‐tracking (Cavanagh et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2020; Van Engen & McLaughlin, 2018). In the context of our study, this combination could also be interesting as, besides providing data on pupil response as a proxy of autonomic arousal, it would allow to see if specific parts of the body are more specifically rewarding or source of fear to patients with AN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil psychosensory reflex in response to own and standardised silhouettes in patients with anorexia nervosa

Couton

Gorwood

Pham‐Scottez

et al. 2022

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Objective: This study aimed to assess the physiological response of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) to different types of silhouettes using pupillometry. Methods: We measured the pupil psychosensory reflex (PSR) of 42 patients with AN and 35 healthy controls in response to standardised body silhouettes and to pictures of their own silhouettes digitally modified to represent different body mass indices (BMI). Perceptual distortion and body dissatisfaction were assessed using Anamorphic Micro Software©. Twenty-three of the recruited patients were tested up to four times during an inpatient treatment programme to assess the impact of weight gain.Results: PSR correlated with the subjective rating of emotional arousal in controls but not in patients. Own silhouettes and standardised silhouettes triggered a different pupil response both in patients with AN and in controls. With pictures of their own silhouettes, pupil response to underweight stimuli differed from pupil response to normal weight or overweight stimuli in both groups. Weight gain was associated with an increase in PSR, an improvement of ideal BMI and a decrease of body dissatisfaction, but no change in perceptual distortion. Conclusion: Our findings support the idea that pupillometry could be a useful tool to assess the physiological state of patients with AN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil psychosensory reflex in response to own and standardised silhouettes in patients with anorexia nervosa

Couton

Gorwood

Pham‐Scottez

et al. 2022

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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“…An integrated ET system captures eye motion in real-time (for example, blinks), which is crucial for preventing natural eye contact that ensures realistic conversations [89]. With similar technology, another study was conducted in which available stereoscopic depth cues were found as a supportive factor to recognize images of faces [47]. Those findings could be relevant for communication in future VR applications allowing multiple users to participate in one training session.…”

Section: Facial Reenactmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing different interaction methods, dwell gaze (to fixate the target for a fixed duration that allows interaction) has scored lowest, whereas the usage of motion controller (conservative approach) and the combination of ET and EMG have been similarly preferred [65]. [47] used gaze-based methods named "OrthoGaze", which allows the manipulation of the position of a virtual object only by using the eyes and head gaze.…”

Section: Synchronization With Other Measurement Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of eye-tracking systems integrated into immersive virtual reality and possible transfer to the sports sector - A systematic review

Pastel

Marlok

Bandow

et al. 2022

Multimed Tools Appl

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In recent years, Virtual Reality (VR) has become a valuable tool in rehabilitation and sports training applications. New technologies offer opportunities to combine various systems and use them for sports-related scientific purposes. For instance, examining the visual perception of athletes within a standardized environment could be helpful to understand the differences between novices and experts in their visual behavior and could further reveal possible training applications for enhancing athletes’ visual attention. The current systematic literature review thematizes the importance of eye-tracking (ET) systems’ usage integrated into head-mounted displays (HMDs) in virtual environments for further inclusion in sports-related usage. An overview of possible implementations is given, and additional recommendations for using the combined technic regarding sports are made. Although only one study examined gaze behavior during sports activity within a standardized virtual environment, 38 relevant papers were identified using the ET systems integrated into the HMDs, which ideas can be transferred to the sports sector. The increased usability and fidelity in the virtual environment enabled through the combined technology were illustrated, and different approaches were listed in using and calculating gaze parameters. This literature review examines the possibility of integrating ET in VR, which can be further used to improve usability, interaction methods, image presentation, and visual perception analyses within future physical training scenarios. The compiled studies have shown that the existing methods are feasible due to the performance of the integrated ET systems but still need to be improved for practical use.

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“…VR eye tracking is becoming increasingly popular in research devoted to human-computer interactions. In the last three years a considerable number of tests were connected to pedagogy 24 , education 25 and linguistics 26 . Such research was also applied in the elds of marketing 27 as well as to identify dangers in buildings 28 and at construction sites 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge of 2D representation of 3D objects in architectural and heritage studies. In search of gaze patterns similarities

Rusnak

2022

Preprint

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This paper describes the results of eye-tracking registrations using spherical stimuli related to the so-called longitudinal church effect and compared it to those obtained by using a stationary eye-tracker and pictures shown on a computer screen in previous studies. The data collected from nearly 120 viewers allowed to investigate the effect of length of the nave on concentration on the altar and its role in supporting the ritual. An important aspect of this study is that it compares three pairs of stimuli and their relationships, rather than just two examples. The experiment with flat images in many respects gave results like those obtained in virtual reality. Even though the values on which the conclusions were based differed, 11 out of 14 analyzed aspects were confirmed. An important difference observed in VR was a noticeable decrease in the average duration of fixation. Thanks to the presented comparison it can be assumed that there is no need to involve VR technology if the studied phenomena are simple and the most important elements of linear compositions are visible in a single glance. If eye-tracking tests conducted with stationary eye-trackers do not have any other flaws, the conclusions drawn from them can be trusted.

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Does stereopsis improve face identification? A study using a virtual reality display with integrated eye-tracking and pupillometry

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Pupil psychosensory reflex in response to own and standardised silhouettes in patients with anorexia nervosa

Pupil psychosensory reflex in response to own and standardised silhouettes in patients with anorexia nervosa

Application of eye-tracking systems integrated into immersive virtual reality and possible transfer to the sports sector - A systematic review

Challenge of 2D representation of 3D objects in architectural and heritage studies. In search of gaze patterns similarities

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