Does sleep influence weight gain during pregnancy? A prospective study

Abstract

ObjectiveThe focus of this study was to evaluate the associations between subjective sleep quality and duration and weight gain during pregnancy. MethodsA prospective and longitudinal study was conducted with 63 pregnant women. Pregnant women were evaluated at the first, second and third trimester for subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) and anthropometric variables for body mass index [BMI] calculation. The sleep quality was grouped per cluster, identifying those individuals who maintained, improved or worsened their sleep quality, based on the PSQI classifications. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine the association between sleep and BMI over the pregnancy period. ResultsAn effect of the interaction between time of pregnancy and clusters of sleep quality was observed on the BMI (p<0.05), which indicates that pregnant women who improved subjective sleep quality during pregnancy gained more weight from the second to third trimester, while those that worsened the subjective sleep quality gained more weight during the first to second trimester. Sleep duration was not associated with weight gain. However, pregnant women who maintained the same BMI category over the pregnancy period increased their sleep duration from the first to third trimester, while those that increased the BMI category slept the same amount of time during this period (median=1.0 [0.0-2.0] and median=0.0 [-2.0-1.0], respectively, p=0.039). ConclusionsThe authors concluded that a worse subjective sleep quality seems to lead to an inadequate weight gain distribution during the period of pregnancy.

Maternal sleep duration and neonatal birth weight: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

“…Based on the findings of the present study, we speculate that long MSD, along with GWG, may be associated with the decreased incidence of LBW and SGA infants [ 14 ]. Although the effect of MSD on GWG is not clearly defined [ 30 , 31 ], recent studies have reported that excessive sleep duration increases obesity in non-pregnant adults [ 32 , 33 ]. The fetuses in mothers with excessive GWG may receive more nutrients and experience greater growth through increased plasma volume, which may increase cardiac output and utero-placental blood flow compared to those in mothers with insufficient GWG [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Maternal sleep duration and neonatal birth weight: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study

“…15,[19][20][21] On the basis of the findings of the present study, we speculate that long MSD, along with gestational BWG, decreases the incidence of LBW and SGA. 14 Although the effect of MSD on gestational BWG is not clearly defined, 30,31 recent studies have reported that excessive sleep duration increased obesity in non-pregnant adults. 32,33 The fetuses in mothers with excessive gestational BWG may receive more nutrients and fetal growth through increased plasma volume, which may increase cardiac output and utero-placental blood flow compared to those in mothers with insufficient gestational BWG.…”

Gebelikte Uyku Sorunlarının Perinatal Süreçteki Etkileri ve Çözüm Sürecinde Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları

“…İlk trimesterdeki kilo alımı maternal yağ birikimini temsil ettiği için gebeler bu trimesterde daha az kilo almaktadır. Üçüncü trimesterde ise fetal kilo artışı en yüksek düzeyde meydana geldiği için en fazla kilo alımı bu trimesterde gerçekleşmektedir (24). Gay ve ark.…”

“…Yine aynı çalışmada, gebelik süresince aynı beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) kategorisini koruyan gebelerin birinci trimesterden üçüncü trimestere doğru uyku sürelerini arttırdığı, BKİ kategorisini arttıran gebelerin ise bu süre boyunca aynı miktarda uyudukları bulunmuştur. Çalışmada, zayıf uyku kalitesinin, gebelikte kilo alımı dağılımını ve BKİ'ni olumsuz etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır (24).…”