Does Simian Virus 5 Infect Humans?

Abstract

SUMMARYSimian virus 5 (SV5) isolates derived after co-cultivation of human bone marrow aspirates of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were shown by immunoprecipitation, cross-neutralization and haemagglutination inhibition techniques to be similar antigenically but not identical to the prototype strain. Analyses of human sera (MS and control) showed that about 20 ~ contained neutralizing antibodies to SV5 and immunoprecipitated the specific SV5 HN polypeptide. A competition assay using a specific SV5 monoclonal antibody confirmed that a human serum containing such neutralizing activity also blocked a specific SV5 epitope whereas another human serum with demonstrable antibodies to the related human parainfluenza virus type 2 did not block this epitope. These tests therefore suggested that SV5 can infect humans. However, there was no indication, on the basis of these tests, of any aetiological relationship of the SV5 infection to the induction of MS.

Humoral and Cytotoxic T Cell Immune Responses to Internal and External Structural Proteins of Simian Virus 5 Induced by Immunization with Solid Matrix-Antibody-Antigen Complexes

“…A human isolate of SV5 (LN; Goswami et al, 1984) was grown and titrated under appropriate conditions in Vero cells using medium containing 2 % calf serum.…”

Comparison between Parainfluenza Virus Type 2 and Simian Virus 5: Monoclonal Antibodies Reveal Major Antigenic Differences

“…Furthermore, about the same percentage of human sera neutralize SV5 infectivity at serum dilution titres of between 1/20 and 1/160 (Hsiung, 1972;Goswami et al, 1984). The interpretation of such data in terms of the epidemiology of SV5 infections of humans has been complicated by the antigenic relationship between SV5 and PF-2.…”

“…Two recent field isolates of PF-2 and prototype isolates of PF-2 and PF-3 were obtained from the Central Public Health Laboratories, Colindale, London, U.K. These viruses, together with the LN strain of SV5 (Goswami et al, 1984), the Edmonston strain of measles and the Enders strain of mumps (kindly provided by Dr B. K. Rima, Queen's University of Belfast, U.K.), were grown and titrated under appropriate conditions in Vero cells using medium containing 2~o calf serum.…”

“…However, accurate estimations of the exact incidence of SV5 infection within the human population will be dependent upon the use of sensitive and specific competition assays using MAbs of defined specificity (e.g. Goswami et al, 1984).…”

Molecular relationships between human parainfluenza virus type 2, and simian viruses 41 and 5: determination of nucleoprotein gene sequences of simian viruses 41 and 5

“…Furthermore, about 20~ of individuals in London were shown to be infected with SV5 by serological studies (Goswami et al, 1984). In a previous study , a large number of human sera were tested in an attempt to detect anti-SV41-specific antibody activity; this showed that SV41 infects humans.…”