Does <scp>C</scp>oxiella burnetii Affect Reproduction in Cattle? A Clinical Update

García-Ispierto, Irina; Tutusaus, Joan; López‐Gatius, F.

doi:10.1111/rda.12333

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium (Agerholm, ; Maurin & Raoult, ). Infections with C. burnetii occur almost worldwide in domestic ruminants (Guatteo, Seegers, Taurel, Joly, & Beaudeau, ), which are considered to be the main reservoir of this pathogen (Garcia‐Ispierto, Tutusaus, & López‐Gatius, ; Joulié et al., ). In cattle herds, serology is a commonly used laboratory method to diagnose C. burnetii infection (Garcia‐Ispierto et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infections with C. burnetii occur almost worldwide in domestic ruminants (Guatteo, Seegers, Taurel, Joly, & Beaudeau, ), which are considered to be the main reservoir of this pathogen (Garcia‐Ispierto, Tutusaus, & López‐Gatius, ; Joulié et al., ). In cattle herds, serology is a commonly used laboratory method to diagnose C. burnetii infection (Garcia‐Ispierto et al., ). Seroprevalence in cattle is high and ranges from 38% to 72% on herd level (Guatteo et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coxiella burnetii: Serological reactions and bacterial shedding in primiparous dairy cows in an endemically infected herd—impact on milk yield and fertility

Freick¹,

Enbergs

Walraph

et al. 2016

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) is the causative agent of Q fever both in humans and animals. The objectives of this study were to investigate seropositivity and bacterial shedding in heifers and primiparous cows in an endemically infected herd and to assess the effects on post-partum diseases, fertility and milk production. At the age of 9 months, 96 Holstein heifers were included. Sampling was performed reproduction-orientated: at the beginning of the study, at detection of first pregnancy, 3 weeks before expected calving date (blood serum), at parturition and after 21, 42, 100 and 150 days in milk (DIM) (blood serum, vaginal swabs and milk). Serum samples were investigated by a commercial ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies and vaginal swabs and milk samples by PCR to detect C. burnetii DNA. Individual animal data (calving ease, stillbirth, retained foetal membranes, puerperal metritis, endometritis after 42 DIM, presence of corpus luteum after 42 DIM, interval calving-first service, interval calving-conception, number of inseminations until 150 DIM, proportion of pregnant cows until 100 and 150 DIM, proportion of pregnant cows after first service and data of the dairy herd improvement test) were documented. All heifers were seronegative at the age of 9 months and 3 weeks before the expected calving date. Subsequently, the proportion of seropositive animals and the antibody score increased significantly towards 42 and 100 DIM, respectively. Vaginal C. burnetii shedding was highest at parturition (30.9%), while the most positive milk samples were detected after 100 DIM (15.3%). Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and shedding had no impact on parameters of reproduction. However, milk fat yield was declined in puerperal vaginal shedders and cows which seroconverted during their first 42 DIM, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella burnetii: Serological reactions and bacterial shedding in primiparous dairy cows in an endemically infected herd—impact on milk yield and fertility

Freick¹,

Enbergs

Walraph

et al. 2016

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…1 However, reproductive disorders such as placental damage, abortion, stillbirth, placental retention, or infertility have been linked to C. burnetii infection in dairy herds. 12,15,23 To control C. burnetii infection at the herd level, treatment with antibiotics (tetracycline) or vaccination may reduce, but not prevent, bacterial shedding. 44 In Spain, seroprevalence of C. burnetii in dairy herds ranges from 67% to 74%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella burnetiitotal immunoglobulin G, phase I and phase II immunoglobulin G antibodies, and bacterial shedding in young dams in persistently infected dairy herds

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The current study examines Coxiella burnetii infection patterns in young dairy dams around the calving period in persistently infected high-producing dairy herds. Infection patterns were determined in terms of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) and phase-specific IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bacterial shedding by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). On days 171-177 of gestation, at parturition, and on days 15-21 and 91-97 postpartum, 7 firstparity cows and 7 second-parity cows were sampled for serology and qPCR. Total phase-specific I (PhI) and II (PhII) IgG antibodies were detected in 2 animals at days 171-177 of gestation. Four additional animals underwent seroconversion on days 91-97 postpartum. Three of 6 seropositive dams according to total IgG, showed a PhI+/PhII+ profile, whereas dams that seroconverted exhibited a PhI-/PhII+ (2/6) or PhI+/PhII-(1/6) profile. An indirect fluorescent antibody test for PhI and PhII immunoglobulin M (IgM) was performed on plasma samples from the shedding dams, confirming seropositivity in a first-parity dam that seroconverted, and detecting a sudden spike of PhI-IgM antibodies in 1 further dam. No relationship was detected in young C. burnetii-infected animals between total IgG, PhI and/or PhII antibodies, and bacterial shedding throughout the study period. The highest bacterial load measured by qPCR was recorded in a second-parity dam. This animal presented abnormal peripheral blood counts, which would be an indication of severe peripheral blood alterations in some infected cattle. This study suggests that young shedder cows are mostly seronegative in early stages of infection.

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“…W dwóch stadach bydła zastosowano szczepienie z wykorzystaniem zarejestrowanej w Polsce, inaktywowanej szczepionki Coxevac (CEVA), uzyskując poprawę wydajności mlecznej oraz obniżenie odsetka występowania przypadków urodzenia martwych noworodków, zatrzymania łożyska i zapalenia macicy. Pozytywny wpływ szczepienia na rozród krów podkreślano w innych badaniach (8,9), jednak zastosowanie tego preparatu utrudnia identyfikację zwierząt zakażonych C. burnetii.…”

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Epidemiological situation of Q fever in sheep, goats and cattle in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship between the years 2011 and 2015, based on monitoring studies and cases from clinical practice

Kneblewski

Budzyk²,

Szabłonski

et al. 2017

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The publication presents the results of monitoring Q fever in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship and three outbreaks disclosed as part of a clinical field practice. In five years (2011 – 2015) of examination in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship, 2,431 serological tests were carried out (1,851 in sheep, 343 in goats and 237 in cattle). Antibodies against Coxiella burneti were found three times. The first positive result in 2011 affected herds of goats and cattle and was confirmed in the reference laboratory of the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy. A specific DNA sequence for Coxiella burneti by real-time PCR method was found. The farm consisted of 1,494 goats and 397 cattle. Serological tests were carried out to give positive results in 15.3% of the cattle and 5.77% of the goats from the whole herd. Breeding selection and the elimination of seropositive animals and double oxytetracycline treatment reduced the proportion of animals with a positive result to 5.53% in cattle and 0.96% in goats. After more than a year the elimination of seropositive animals and probable natural decline in antibody levels has led to the recognition of an outbreak of Q fever to be eliminated. The second positive result of the monitoring of Q fever was found in 2014 in one cow out of seven respondents, but the serological test was not confirmed in the reference, as a specific DNA sequence for Coxiella burneti was not found. The research conducted in sheep in 2015 showed the presence of antibodies against Coxiella burneti in two samples. The results were confirmed by the detection of genetic material of the pathogen by real-time PCR examination in the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy. Three outbreaks of Q fever revealed in clinical practice related to bovine herds where clinical disturbances were observed in: reproduction, milk production decrease or increase in internal body temperature and symptoms of the respiratory system. The positive ELISA test results were the reason for the elimination of seropositive animals. Moreover, after the disclosure of infection two herds were vaccinated using an inactivated vaccine Coxevac (CEVA), which caused the improvement of production results and relief of clinical symptoms. It is worth mentioning that in two farms along with cattle there were fallow deer supported by staff cowman. Official monitoring tests of Q fever revealed an outbreak of the disease in a herd of goats and cattle, which lead to taking effective action to protect public health because of the zoonotic nature of this infection and epidemiological risk. In the disclosure of these clinical signs in cattle it is advisable to carry out laboratory tests for Q fever.

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Does Coxiella burnetii Affect Reproduction in Cattle? A Clinical Update

Cited by 23 publications

References 73 publications

Coxiella burnetii: Serological reactions and bacterial shedding in primiparous dairy cows in an endemically infected herd—impact on milk yield and fertility

Coxiella burnetii: Serological reactions and bacterial shedding in primiparous dairy cows in an endemically infected herd—impact on milk yield and fertility

Coxiella burnetiitotal immunoglobulin G, phase I and phase II immunoglobulin G antibodies, and bacterial shedding in young dams in persistently infected dairy herds

Epidemiological situation of Q fever in sheep, goats and cattle in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship between the years 2011 and 2015, based on monitoring studies and cases from clinical practice

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