Does Police Stop and Search Make Everyone Feel Safe? Evidence From the United States

Mulaphong, Dhanakorn; Cheurprakobkit, Sutham

doi:10.1177/21533687211023576

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…In 2018, about 20 million Americans experienced police contact as a result of a traffic stop (Harrell and Davis 2020). Research suggests that in crime hot spots, race is often considered when police officers conduct a discretionary search during a stop, and police stop and search made White people feel safer in their neighborhood in comparison with Blacks (Mulaphong and Cheurprakobkit 2021). For example, for every 10% increase in Black or Hispanic residents, there is a 4.2% increase in the odds of an officer drawing his gun during a stop (Kramer and Remster 2018).…”

Section: Association Between Neighborhood and Racial/ethnic Compositi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Neighborhood and Racial Composition of Victims on Fatal Police Shooting and Police Violence: An Integrated Review (2000–2022)

et al. 2022

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Police violence is a multidimensional issue that requires consideration of the violent events and how these events reflect systemic oppression. Violence and policing practices are influenced by race and ethnicity, place/neighborhood, structural inequality, and racism. We performed an integrated literature review to critically evaluate the current evidence, focusing on the racial composition of communities and neighborhoods and its association with police-involved violence and fatal shootings between 2000 and 2022. We used Scopus and Web of Science to include peer-reviewed articles in English that studied racial/ethnic differences in police-involved violence in the United States between January 2000 and February 2022. We excluded prior systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and articles on drug-related arrests. Using a PRISMA approach from 651 identified articles, we included 37 articles. Our findings showed that racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately stopped, experience a higher probability of arrest, and are more commonly subjected to police-involved fatal shootings. Victims are more likely to live in neighborhoods with lower income and distressed communities of color, higher poverty ratios, and the highest levels of criminal violence. Citizens reporting of negative interactions with police is strongly associated with race/ethnicity. Maintaining the highest standards of professional practice consistent with the law and protections guaranteed by the Constitution may reduce police violence. In addressing police violence, policymakers not only need to consider the multidisciplinary nature of vulnerability to address the needs of vulnerable populations and create a collaborative environment but also to control police violence. Considering community-based approaches, encouraging training to interact with minority individuals, and adjusting the racial composition of the police officers by the racial composition of communities are other strategies; more importantly, prioritizing strategies to reduce social inequality and structural racism are crucial.

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Section: Association Between Neighborhood and Racial/ethnic Compositi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Neighborhood and Racial Composition of Victims on Fatal Police Shooting and Police Violence: An Integrated Review (2000–2022)

et al. 2022

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“…These reforms in the London Government began early in 1990. In addition, there was a move to make the police professions, as a result, crimes were prevented (Mulaphong & Cheurprakobkit, 2021). Community policing in United States of America (USA) started in 1970s, though most agencies of law enforcement did not fully embrace the concept until the 1980s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Policing Problem Solving in Security Enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda

Kagame

2023

JPPG

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In Rwanda, the aftermath of 1994 genocide against Tutsi, the security situations were critical and the government adopted mechanisms such as community policing as a strategy for security enhancement. However, the country still struggles with insecurity challenges despite the introduction of community policing. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of problem solving on security enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda. The study adopted mixed methodology approach and the concurrent triangulation design. The study targeted approximately 139,358 household heads of Gasabo District, 73 Community Policing Committee (CPC) chairpersons, 15 Community Liaison Officers, and 260 Police Officers. The study sampled 576 household heads for quantitative data whereas the CPC chairpersons, Community Liaison Officers, Police Officers and Opinion leaders were used for qualitative data. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. Questionnaire, interview guides and discussion guides were used to collect data. The findings indicated that problem solving had a positive and significant influence on security enhancement. The study concludes that problem solving contributes significantly to security enhancement. The study recommended the need for RNP to strengthen the problem solving for security enhancement. In particular, the institution should focus on enhancing the following problem-solving components: night patrols, focus on vulnerable community members, resolving family disputes, proactive arrests to solve criminal activities, and adopting technological trends. Keywords: Community policing, problem solving, security enhancement

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“…In England, the police gained more power and moved closer to society after Sir Robert Peel introduced community policing as a tool for fighting crime (Douglas and Braga, 2021). This reform in London's government started in the early 1990s, along with the move to become a police officer, thereby preventing crime (Mulaphong & Cheurprakobkit, 2021). Community policing in the United States (US) began in the 1970s, although most law enforcement agencies did not fully embrace the concept until 1980.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Policing Information Sharing in Security Enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda

Kagame,

Muchemi,

Thinguri

2023

JHSSR

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In Rwanda, in the aftermath of the 1994 genocide against Tutsi, the security situations were critical and the government adopted mechanisms such as community policing as a strategy for security enhancement. However, the country still struggles with insecurity challenges despite the introduction of community policing. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of community policing information sharing on security enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda. The study adopted a mixed methodology approach and a concurrent triangulation design. The study targeted approximately 139,358 household heads of Gasabo District, 73 Community Policing Committee (CPC) chairpersons, 15 Community Liaison Officers, and 260 Police Officers. The study sampled 576 household heads for quantitative data whereas the CPC chairpersons, Community Liaison Officers, Police Officers, and Opinion leaders were used for qualitative data. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. Questionnaires, interview guides, and discussion guides were used to collect data. The findings indicated that information sharing had a positive and significant influence on security enhancement. The study concludes that information sharing contributes significantly to security enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda. The study recommended the need for RNP to strengthen information sharing for security enhancement. In particular, the institution should focus on enhancing information sharing aspects including information sharing through social media, music, word of mouth, acting, and training.

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Does Police Stop and Search Make Everyone Feel Safe? Evidence From the United States

Cited by 4 publications

References 115 publications

Association between Neighborhood and Racial Composition of Victims on Fatal Police Shooting and Police Violence: An Integrated Review (2000–2022)

Association between Neighborhood and Racial Composition of Victims on Fatal Police Shooting and Police Violence: An Integrated Review (2000–2022)

Community Policing Problem Solving in Security Enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda

Community Policing Information Sharing in Security Enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda

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