Does Physical Activity Improve Sleep in Impaired Nursing Home Residents?

Alessi, Cathy A.; Schnelle, John F.; MacRae, Priscilla G.; Ouslander, Joseph G.; Al‐Samarrai, Nahla R.; Simmons, Sandra F.; Traub, Shauna

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb07007.x

Cited by 83 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although some previous studies provided evidence that exercise training improves sleep quality in adults with (mild) sleep disturbances, these studies typically employ self-reported, subjective measures of sleep quality [19,21]. When adopting objective measures of sleep, beneficial effects of exercise training on sleep characteristics are rare [52,53] or mild [20]. Another important methodological difference is that previous studies included participants with moderate sleeping complaints, who are therefore more likely to benefit from an (exercise) intervention to alter sleep characteristics than participants with a normal sleep pattern [13], such as those included in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Physical Fitness and Daily Energy Expenditure on Sleep Efficiency in Young and Older Humans

Oudegeest-Sander¹,

Eijsvogels²,

Verheggen³

et al. 2012

Gerontology

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Background: Physical activity is known to influence sleep efficiency. Relatively little is known about the relationship between physical activity and sleep efficiency in young and older humans and the impact of exercise training on sleep efficiency in healthy older individuals. Objectives: To determine the relationship between physical fitness and daily energy expenditure with sleep efficiency in young and older subjects, and assess the effect of 12-month exercise training on sleep efficiency in healthy older participants. Methods: The relationship between physical fitness (maximal cycling test) and daily energy expenditure (accelerometry) with sleep efficiency (accelerometry) was examined cross-sectionally in 12 healthy young adults (27 ± 5 years) and 21 healthy older participants (69 ± 3 years). Subsequently, the effect of 12-month exercise training (n = 11) or control period (n = 10) on sleep efficiency in older participants was examined using a randomized controlled trial. Results: Daily energy expenditure and sleep efficiency did not differ between young and older subjects. A significant correlation was found between energy expenditure and sleep efficiency (r = 0.627, p = 0.029) in young adults, but not in older participants (r = –0.158, p = 0.49). Physical fitness did not correlate with sleep efficiency in either group. Exercise training significantly improved physical fitness (15.0%, p < 0.001), but failed to alter sleep characteristics such as sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and awakenings. Conclusions: We found that young adults with higher daily energy expenditure have greater sleep efficiency, whilst this relationship is diminished with advanced age. In contrast, we found no correlation between physical fitness and sleep characteristics in healthy young or older participants, which may explain the lack of improvement in sleep characteristics in older participants with 12-month exercise training. Exercise training may be more successful in subjects with existing sleep disturbancesto improve sleep characteristics rather than in healthy older subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Physical Fitness and Daily Energy Expenditure on Sleep Efficiency in Young and Older Humans

Oudegeest-Sander¹,

Eijsvogels²,

Verheggen³

et al. 2012

Gerontology

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“…BatesJensen and colleagues and other researchers (e.g. Alessi et al 1995) carried out observations only of between 8 and 13 hours of daytime activity, however, leaving a long 'night' of between 11 and 14 hours unobserved. It is not well understood how long residents spend in bed during such 'long nights', nor how much of the time is spent awake and if this also relates to staffing levels and shift patterns.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time spent in bed at night by care-home residents: choice or compromise?

et al. 2011

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This paper examines the amount of time that care-home residents spend in bed at night, focusing on how residents' bedtimes and getting-up times are managed. Using a mixedmethods approach, diary data were collected over 14 days from 125 residents in ten care homes in South East England. The findings indicate that residents spent, on average, nearly 11 hours in bed at night, significantly more time than was spent sleeping. There was greater variance in the amount of time residents who needed assistance spent in bed than there was for independent residents. Detailed investigation of six care homes, each with 8 pm to 8 am night shifts, showed that bedtimes and getting-up times for dependent residents were influenced by staff shift patterns. Analysis of qualitative interviews with 38 residents highlighted a lack of resident choice about bedtimes and many compromises by the residents to fit in with the care home shift and staffing patterns. The social norm of early bedtimes in care homes also influenced the independent residents. It is argued that the current system in care homes of approximately 12-hour night shifts, during which staff ratios are far lower than in the daytime, promotes an overly long 'night-time' and curbs residents' choices about the times at which they go to bed and get up, particularly for the most dependent residents.

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“…It is noteworthy that in one of the three studies (McCurry et al, 2005) for community-dwelling AD patients, the intervention was carried out by the family caregiver. The Class II study (Alessi et al, 1995) used the same exercise intervention as the previous Class I study (Alessi et al 1999), but no positive effect on sleep was shown. This apparent inconsistency might be explained by differences in the participant groups at baseline in that the percentage of sleep in the Class I study (Alessi et al, 1999) improved from 51 percent to 62.5 percent and the duration of sleep episodes increased from 11 minutes to 16 minutes, whilst in the earlier study (Alessi et al, 1995), participants had better sleep at baseline, in other words, 70 percent with sleep episodes of 16 minutes.…”

Section: Effects Of Physical Activity On Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Class II study (Alessi et al, 1995) used the same exercise intervention as the previous Class I study (Alessi et al 1999), but no positive effect on sleep was shown. This apparent inconsistency might be explained by differences in the participant groups at baseline in that the percentage of sleep in the Class I study (Alessi et al, 1999) improved from 51 percent to 62.5 percent and the duration of sleep episodes increased from 11 minutes to 16 minutes, whilst in the earlier study (Alessi et al, 1995), participants had better sleep at baseline, in other words, 70 percent with sleep episodes of 16 minutes. This might explain the larger effect of exercise on sleep in the second study by Alessi and colleagues (1999) and suggests that people with poor sleep may show better outcomes than those with relatively mild sleep disturbance.…”

Section: Effects Of Physical Activity On Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and behaviour in dementia

Eggermont

Scherder

2006

Dementia

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Physical activity can have a positive impact on cognition and well-being in older people. This article reviews and evaluates the effects of planned physical activity programmes on mood, sleep and functional ability in people with dementia. A total of 27 studies between 1974 and 2005 were found. Of these, four included participants living at home, two involved participants who were living either at home or in care homes and 21 included participants living solely in care homes. Since psychosocial intervention can reduce family caregiver burden, the break down of home-care and associated rates of institutionalization, the indirect effects of these physical activity programmes on the family caregiver are also explored. The scope for developing physical activity programmes for people with dementia in primary care using families and volunteers is discussed.

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Does Physical Activity Improve Sleep in Impaired Nursing Home Residents?

Cited by 83 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Physical Fitness and Daily Energy Expenditure on Sleep Efficiency in Young and Older Humans

Impact of Physical Fitness and Daily Energy Expenditure on Sleep Efficiency in Young and Older Humans

Time spent in bed at night by care-home residents: choice or compromise?

Physical activity and behaviour in dementia

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