Does noise stress modulate effects of smoking/nicotine?

Gilbert, David G.; Estes, Steven; Welser, Richard

doi:10.1007/s002130050204

Cited by 34 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These electrocortical changes were more or less widespread across the scalp and, although they vary from several previous reports of asymmetrical effects [39] or anteriorization of effects [6,26], they conform to more recent observations of smoking-induced electrocerebral alterations found in both young and elderly adult smokers [29]. Although this power spectrum profile has been shown to vary slightly with nicotine yield [4,5,28,40], the salient electrical feature of power shifts from slow to fast (alpha and beta) frequencies is remarkably similar to that observed with psychostimulants [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

The Cholinergic Basis of the Smoking-Induced EEG Activation Profile

Knott¹,

Harr²,

Ilivitsky³

et al. 1998

Neuropsychobiology

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Acute quantitative electroencephalographic effects of cigarette smoking were examined in 15 smokers within a repeated-measures design which assessed changes in power-spectral estimates following acute pre-treatment with placebo, a dose (20 mg) of mecamylamine, a dose (0.6 mg) of scopolamine and a combined dose of mecamylamine and scopolamine. Compared to sham smoking, the smoking of a single cigarette following placebo pre-treatment reduced absolute and relative power in slow (delta, theta) frequency bands, increased absolute and relative power in alpha and beta frequency bands and accelerated mean frequency. These smoking-induced power changes in slow- and fast-frequency bands were differentially affected by the separate and combined actions of the cholinergic antagonists with treatments involving mecamylamine tending to abolish smoking-induced slow-frequency absolute power reductions and fast-frequency relative power increments. Self-ratings of smoking-induced increases in alertness were altered by mecamylamine and combined treatments while sensory aspects of cigarette smoking were only altered with combined mecamylamine and scopolamine pre-treatment. The results are discussed with respect to brain-behaviour relationships and mechanisms maintaining the smoking habit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

The Cholinergic Basis of the Smoking-Induced EEG Activation Profile

Knott¹,

Harr²,

Ilivitsky³

et al. 1998

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Smokers commonly believe that smoking improves attention, alertness and concentration (West, 1993) and such perceived benefits have been suggested to motivate continued smoking (Heishman et al 2010). A plethora of studies have demonstrated that smoking can improve, and deprivation impair, performance on a variety of cognitive domains including reaction time (Bates et al 1995;Giannakoulas et al 2003;Perkins et al 1995), vigilance/attention (Bell et al 1999;Gilbert et al 1997), inhibitory control (Powell et al 2001), learning (Soar et al 2008), and working memory (Jacobsen et al 2005;Merritt et al 2012). Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is also associated with attenuation of tobacco withdrawal symptoms (Kleykamp et al 2008;Shiffman et al 2006) and improved cognitive performance in abstinent smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

2013

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Rationale: It is well-established that nicotine improves, and deprivation impairs, cognitive performance and mood in smokers. Prospective memory (PM), remembering to execute a delayed intention at a given time point, is under-explored in smokers. Whilst a handful of studies have shown improved PM with nicotine, effects of nicotine delivered via the electronic cigarette have not been investigated.Objective: This study explores whether, by comparison with placebo, nicotine delivered via the e-cigarette can improve PM, tobacco withdrawal symptoms and desire to smoke in abstinent smokers.Methods: Twenty smokers, abstinent for 8-10 hours, each completed two experimental sessions under nicotine (18mg) and placebo (0mg) e-cigarette conditions. Participants completed a single-item desire to smoke scale and the Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale (MPSS). PM was measured using the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT).Results: Compared with placebo, the nicotine e-cigarette reduced desire to smoke and tobacco withdrawal symptoms, and improved time-based but not event-based PM. There was a moderate, marginally significant negative correlation between PM performance during abstinence and nicotine dependence.Conclusions: This is the first study to show that nicotine derived via e-cigarette can improve PM in abstinent smokers suggesting efficient nicotine delivery. That the effect of nicotine was restricted to time-based rather than event-based PM is consistent with the view that nicotine acts to improve performance on strategic (effortful) rather than automatic processing. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that the e-cigarette can replace some of the effects of nicotine derived from tobacco smoking thus highlighting its potential for smoking cessation.

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“…Nicotine has also been found to have an effect on performance on tasks measuring alertness and sustained attention (Wesnes and Warburton, 1983;Michel et al, 1987;Hasenfratz et al, 1989;Snyder et al, 1989;Parrott and Craig, 1992;Gilbert et al, 1997;Mancuso et al, 1999Mancuso et al, , 2001), but fewer studies have reported an effect on tasks that require more elaborated attentional processes or selective attention Warburton, 1978, 1983;Provost and Woodward, 1991). Effects on verbal memory, aside from immediate recall, which may reflect improved attention, have been studied infrequently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nicotine on Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia

Harris

Kongs

Allensworth

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

224

161

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Several lines of evidence suggest a pathophysiological role for nicotinic receptors in schizophrenia. Activation by nicotine alters physiological dysfunctions, such as eye movement and sensory gating abnormalities, but effects on neuropsychological performance are just beginning to be investigated. Nicotine-induced desensitization and the well-known tachyphylaxis of nicotinic receptors may confound such efforts. In all, 20 schizophrenics, 10 smokers, and 10 nonsmokers were assessed following the administration of nicotine gum and placebo gum. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status was administered. Nicotine affected only the Attention Index; there were no effects on learning and memory, language, or visuospatial/constructional abilities. Attentional function was increased in nonsmokers, but decreased in nicotine-abstinent smokers after nicotine administration. The effects of nicotine in schizophrenia do not extend to all areas of cognition. Effects on attention may be severely limited by tachyphylaxis, such that decremented performance occurs in smokers, while modest effects may be achieved in nonsmokers.

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Does noise stress modulate effects of smoking/nicotine?

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

The Cholinergic Basis of the Smoking-Induced EEG Activation Profile

The Cholinergic Basis of the Smoking-Induced EEG Activation Profile

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

Effects of Nicotine on Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia

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