Does Multicomponent Training Improve Cognitive Function in Older Adults Without Cognitive Impairment? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Silva, Leonardo Santos Lopes da; Tasinafo, Márcio Fernando; Gonçalves, Leonardo da Silva; Silva, Arthur Polveiro da; Leite, Luís Felipe Pengo Almeida; Fávero, Laura Scatena; Bardella, Mateus do Carmo; Lima, João Gabriel Ribeiro de; Júnior, Carlos Roberto Bueno; Moraes, Camila de

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2023.03.004

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…For example, Imaoka et al (2019) used comparative effective analysis to investigate the additive effect of soy peptide as a supplement to memory exercise in pwMCI but did not study the overall efficacy of both when compared to an untreated control group. Secondly, some studies and reviews have mixed samples of pwMCI with healthy older adults or early dementia patients ( Li et al, 2011 ; Straubmeier et al, 2017 ; Bruderer-Hofstetter et al, 2018 ; Stephen et al, 2019 ; Santos Lopes da Silva et al, 2023 ) due to the small amount of available literature ( Gheysen et al, 2018 , k = 9; Han et al, 2022 , k = 3; Karssemeijer et al, 2017 , k = 5). Nevertheless, primary preventions in cognitively healthy older adults can serve distinctive roles from interventions for those with known risk of decline (i.e., secondary preventions).…”

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confidence: 99%

Multimodal cognitive and behavioral interventions for patients with MCI: a systematic review and meta-analysis on cognition and mood

Ying,

Perez-Lao,

Marsiske

et al. 2024

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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BackgroundResearch has increasingly suggested a benefit to combining multiple cognitive or behavioral strategies in a single treatment program for cognitively impaired older adults. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize results on the effects of multimodal cognitive and behavioral interventions versus control conditions on changes in cognition and mood in patients with mild cognitive impairment (pwMCI).MethodsThe review followed a general PRISMA guideline for systematic literature review with a format consisting of participants, interventions, comparators, and outcomes (PICO). Multilevel meta-analyses of aggregated efficacy were performed to assess the pooled effect sizes for cognitive and mood outcomes. Risk-of-bias, heterogeneity across studies, and publication bias were assessed for each outcome.ResultsAfter primary and reference searches, 18 studies with low or some concerns of risk of bias were included. Low heterogeneity was found for mood and cognition. Funnel plots did not indicate publication bias. All the studies assessed changes in cognition (n = 1,555) while seven studies with mood outcomes (n = 343) were included. Multilevel meta-analyses demonstrated moderate effect (Hedge’s g = 0.44, 95% CI = [0.21–0.67]) in cognitive outcomes and large effect in mood (g = 0.65, 95% CI = [0.37–0.93]). Subdomain analyses found low-moderate effects in global cognition, verbal and non-verbal memory, executive function, visuospatial abilities, and semantic fluency (0.20 < g < 0.50).ConclusionThese findings showed comparable to larger effects of multimodal cognitive and behavioral interventions on cognition than pharmacological treatment. Future studies should focus on the longitudinal effects of multimodal interventions in delaying dementia.Systematic review registration: PROSEPRO, CRD42022349297.

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