Does Moderate Intensity Exercise Attenuate the Postprandial Lipemic and Airway Inflammatory Response to a High-Fat Meal?

Abstract

We investigated whether an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise in the postprandial period attenuates the triglyceride and airway inflammatory response to a high-fat meal (HFM) compared to remaining inactive in the postprandial period. Seventeen (11 M/6 F) physically active (≥150 min/week of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) subjects were randomly assigned to an exercise (EX; 60% VO2peak) or sedentary (CON) condition after a HFM (10 kcal/kg, 63% fat). Blood analytes and airway inflammation via exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) were measured at baseline, and 2 and 4 hours after HFM. Airway inflammation was assessed with induced sputum and cell differentials at baseline and 4 hours after HFM. Triglycerides doubled in the postprandial period (~113 ± 18%, P < 0.05), but the increase did not differ between EX and CON. Percentage of neutrophils was increased 4 hours after HFM (~17%), but the increase did not differ between EX and CON. Exhaled nitric oxide changed nonlinearly from baseline to 2 and 4 hours after HFM (P < 0.05, η 2 = 0.36). Our findings suggest that, in active individuals, an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise does not attenuate the triglyceride or airway inflammatory response to a high-fat meal.

Does chronic physical activity level modify the airway inflammatory response to an acute bout of exercise in the postprandial period?

“…The full experimental protocol has been previously published and is outlined here briefly (Kurti et al 2015; Teeman et al 2016). …”

“…An incremental test to exhaustion was performed on a treadmill (Precor 932i) using a standardized protocol for establishing peak oxygen consumption (VO 2 peak) previously utilized in our laboratory (Kurti et al 2015; Teeman et al 2016). During the test, heart rate (HR) was monitored using a Polar WearLink Coded chest strap HR monitor, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was reported using a modified Borg scale (0-10) to assess effort at the end of each stage.…”

“…Hypertonic saline (5%) was administered using an ultrasonic nebulizer (Omron Healthcare, Lake Forest, IL, USA) with an aerodynamic diameter of 5μm and a 0.7 mL/min output. The same methods for sputum induction have been previous published in work from our laboratory (Kurti et al 2015). The test was completed when a selective plug could be obtained, or was terminated if the subject was not able to expectorate within 30 minutes of breathing in the nebulized saline (Pin et al 1992 ) .…”

“…Even after a single high-fat meal (HFM), airway inflammation (measured via exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) (Rosenkranz et al 2010; Johnson et al 2015)) and sputum neutrophils increase in non-asthmatic individuals (Kurti et al 2015). Researchers have also reported an increase in airway inflammation in asthmatic individuals (Wood et al 2011).…”

“…We recently reported that active, non-asthmatic individuals experience airway inflammation post-HFM, and an acute bout of exercise does not modify this response (Kurti et al 2015; Johnson et al 2015). However given that ROS can increase after a single HFM (Mohanty et al 2002; Tushuizen et al 2006) and may result in airway inflammation, individuals who are insufficiently active, with reduced antioxidant defenses, may have a greater magnitude of the cellular oxidative stress and inflammatory response to a HFM as compared to physically active individuals.…”