Does mating disruption of <i>Planococcus ficus and Lobesia botrana</i> affect the diversity, abundance and composition of natural enemies in Israeli vineyards?

Shapira, Idan; Keasar, Tamar; Harari, Ally R.; Gavish‐Regev, Efrat; Kishinevsky, Miriam; Steinitz, Hadass; Sofer-Arad, Carmit; Tomer, Maor; Avraham, Almog; Sharon, Rakefet

doi:10.1002/ps.4883

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Since then, a number of commercial products for Pl. ficus MD have been tested worldwide, including in Tunisia [ 50 ], Israel [ 51 , 52 ], and Italy [ 53 , 54 ]. Here, we describe the initial Pl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Mating Disruption Program for a Mealybug, Planococcus ficus, in Vineyards

Daane

Yokota

Walton

et al. 2020

Insects

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The vine mealybug (VMB), Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a key insect pest of vineyards, and improvements in sustainable control of this pest are needed to meet increasing consumer demand for organically farmed products. One promising option is mating disruption. In a series of experiments conducted from 2004 to 2007, we tested the effects of mating disruption on trap captures of Pl. ficus males in pheromone-baited traps, on Pl. ficus numbers and age structure on vines, and on damage to grape clusters. From 2004 to 2005, the effects of dispenser load (mg active ingredient per dispenser) were also assessed, and dispensers were compared to a flowable formulation. Across all trials, mating disruption consistently reduced pheromone trap captures and often reduced mealybug numbers on vines and/or crop damage, regardless of the pheromone dose that was applied. Reductions in Pl. ficus densities in mating disruption plots were not accompanied by clear effects on mealybug population age structure; however, production of non-viable ovisacs by unmated females may have obscured differences in proportional representation of ovisacs. Pheromone trap captures were never lowered to zero (often called trap shut down), possibly because trials were conducted in vineyards with unusually high Pl. ficus densities. Trap-capture patterns in both treated and control plots commonly began low in April–May, increased in mid-July or August, and often decreased in September–October when post-harvest insecticides were applied. During the four-year trial, the release rate from plastic sachet dispensers was improved by industry cooperators as pheromone was released too quickly (2004) or not completely released during the season (2005–2006). The flowable formulation performed slightly better than dispensers at the same application dose. Results over all years suggest season-long coverage or late-season coverage may be as or more important than dose per hectare. Development of a dispenser with optimized season-long pheromone emission or targeted seasonal periods should be a future goal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Mating Disruption Program for a Mealybug, Planococcus ficus, in Vineyards

Daane

Yokota

Walton

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…This kairomonal response of the parasitoid may contribute to enhance biological control of the VMB in MD conditions. In fact, in most of the cases, the level of parasitism of the VMB has been reported to be higher in MD plots compared to control (Walton et al 2006;Cocco et al 2014;Shapira et al 2018). However, the higher parasitism level observed in MD plots may be also related with the higher longevity of VMB females, which are thus expected to be exposed to parasitisation for a longer period.…”

Section: Mechanisms Explaining the Effectiveness Of Mating Disruption...mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In fact, experiments showed no significant differences, in the level of parasitisation of VMB by A. vladimiri, between MD and control vineyards (Walton et al 2006), or even an increase of parasitism level in pheromone-treated plots (Daane et al 2006;Cocco et al 2014), suggesting that MD does not disrupt parasitism or may even enhance it. More recently, Shapira et al (2018) tested whether the use of MD to control the VMB and L. botrana affects hymenopteran parasitoids and spiders in wine-producing vineyards in Israel. The results showed that MD did not influence the abundance, diversity and community composition of most parasitoids and spiders.…”

Section: Compatibility Of Mating Disruption With Biological and Chemi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific and technological developments in mating disruption of scale insects

Franco¹,

Cocco²,

Lucchi³

et al. 2022

entomologia

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Mating disruption (MD) is a species-specific and environmentally friendly pest management tactic based on the release of synthetic sex pheromones aiming to interrupt the mate-finding communication and prevent mating in the target pest. The present work aims provide an overview of the current scientific and technical knowledge on mating disruption of scale pests (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Biparental scales are suitable targets for mating disruption, as the females have a limited spreading ability, and adult males are short lived and have a narrow window of time for mate searching. In this perspective, delayed mating also plays an important role by reducing female attractiveness and population growth potential. The mechanisms involved in MD of scales are most likely assigned to 'competitive disruption' rather than 'noncompetitive' mechanisms, although no specific studies addressed this issue. Mating disruption has been commercially developed and increasingly applied against the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and the California red scale Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) to a lesser extent. Critical factors affecting MD effectiveness are the pest density and effective disruption late in the season. Mating disruption applied to scale pests is effective in small plots and compatible with biological control and integrated management programs. In conclusion, MD has a high potential for management of scale pests, providing that key factors such as technological advances in pheromone synthesis and pheromone formulations, elucidation of disruption mechanisms, and simplification of the registration process are addressed.

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“…Among these, spurge flax, Daphne gnidium L. (Thymelaeaceae), very likely represents its originary wild host plant [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Several studies focused on the parasitoid complex of EGVM in the European vineyards [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], but very little is still known about parasitoids developing on wild EGVM populations [ 32 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. In this scenario, we investigated the community structure of EGVM parasitoids on D. gnidium in a wild area where grapevine is absent, during a three-year sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Wild: The Parasitoid Community of Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in a Grapevine-Free Natural Environment

Giovanni

Ricciardi

Loni

et al. 2022

Insects

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The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is one of the major concerns for vineyard managers in the Mediterranean area. It is a polyphagous moth, which develops on a wide variety of host plants, among which the spurge flax, Daphne gnidium (Thymelaeaceae), very likely represents its originary wild host plant. In this study, we investigated the parasitoid complex of L. botrana feeding on D. gnidium during a three-year sampling in a natural reserve in Tuscany, Italy, where this plant is extremely abundant while the grapevine is absent. A total of 24 species of parasitoids were obtained from eggs, larvae, and pupae of EGVM, belonging to 6 families of Hymenoptera and a family of Diptera. The ichneumonid wasp Campoplex capitator was the most abundant larval parasitoid. Four species of the genus Trichogramma were obtained from parasitized eggs during the first year of sampling, with a peak in the parasitisation during the EGVM 3rd generation. Some of the main EGVM parasitoids on spurge flax were also observed in vineyards, although a certain degree of redundancy was observed in the wild, due to several less frequent “satellite” species exploiting the same host. Overall, this research sheds light on the parasitoid community and dynamics of this important moth pest in a grapevine-free natural ecosystem, discussing the possible role of natural areas as ecological reservoirs of pest natural enemies.

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Does mating disruption of Planococcus ficus and Lobesia botrana affect the diversity, abundance and composition of natural enemies in Israeli vineyards?

Abstract: Non-target effects of MD involved mostly A. sp. nr. pseudococci females and hardly affected other natural enemies. These findings support the use of MD as an environmentally friendly pest management strategy. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Development of a Mating Disruption Program for a Mealybug, Planococcus ficus, in Vineyards

Development of a Mating Disruption Program for a Mealybug, Planococcus ficus, in Vineyards

Scientific and technological developments in mating disruption of scale insects

Back to the Wild: The Parasitoid Community of Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in a Grapevine-Free Natural Environment

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