Does maternal condition or predation risk influence small mammal population dynamics?

Banks, Peter B.; Powell, Fiona

doi:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12679.x

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Such an effect of parental quality on population dynamics has been demonstrated convincingly in soil mites (Benton et al 2005), but empirical evidence from other taxa is both limited and inconsistent (e.g. Erelli & Elkinton 2000;Banks & Powell 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence for harvest-induced maternal influences on the reproductive rates of fish populations

2008

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Knowledge of the relationship between the number of offspring produced (recruitment) and adult abundance is fundamental to forecasting the dynamics of an exploited population. Although small-scale experiments have documented the importance of maternal quality to offspring survival in plants and animals, the effects of this association on the recruitment dynamics of exploited populations are largely unknown. Here, we present results from both a simple population model and a meta-analysis of time-series data from 25 species of exploited marine fishes that suggest that a population of older, larger individuals has a higher maximum reproductive rate than an equivalent population of younger, smaller individuals, and that this difference increases with the reproductive lifespan of the population. These findings (i) establish an empirical link between population age structure and reproductive rate that is consistent with strong effects of maternal quality on population dynamics and (ii) provide further evidence that extended age structure is essential to the sustainability of many exploited fish stocks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence for harvest-induced maternal influences on the reproductive rates of fish populations

2008

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“…Typically, maternal effects were not detected in these field-based studies. This could be because maternal effects were swamped by an individual's response to the current environment (Ergon et al 2001a;Banks & Powell 2004). Alternatively, it could be that the small number of traits measured in these studies, and the limited range of environmental conditions in which they occurred, were often not sufficient to detect context-dependent maternal effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, experiments on populations in the field are often fraught with practical difficulties leading to small sample sizes (of individuals or population-level replication) and therefore often have low power. Field-based experimental approaches have included switching offspring between their natal environment and some other environment (Mihok & Boonstra 1992;Myers et al 1998;Ergon et al 2001a), while others have manipulated maternal condition (Banks & Powell 2004). Typically, maternal effects were not detected in these field-based studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of context-dependent maternal effects on population dynamics: an experimental test

Plaistow

Benton

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Parental effects arise when either the maternal or paternal phenotype influences the phenotypes of subsequent generations. Simple analytical models assume maternal effects are a mechanism creating delayed density dependence. Such models predict that maternal effects can very easily lead to population cycles. Despite this, unambiguous maternal-effect mediated cycles have not been demonstrated in any system. Additionally, much evidence has arisen to invalidate the underlying assumption that there is a simple positive correlation between maternal performance and offspring performance. A key issue in understanding how maternal effects may affect population dynamics is determining how the expression of parental effects changes in different environments. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that maternal effects influence population dynamics in a context-dependent way. Populations of the soil mite, Sancassania berlesei, were set up at high density (500 eggs) or low density (50 eggs), with eggs that were either laid by young mothers or old mothers (a previously documented maternal effect in this system). The influence of maternal age on both population and egg and body-size dynamics was only observed in the populations initiated under low density rather than high density. This difference was attributable to the context-dependence of maternal effects at the individual level. In low-density (high food) conditions, maternal effects have an impact on offspring reproductive performance, creating an impact on the population growth rate. In high density (low food), maternal effects impact more on juvenile survival (not adult size or reproduction), creating a smaller impact on the population growth rate. This context dependence of effects at the population level means that, in fluctuating populations, maternal effects cause intermittent delayed density dependence that does not lead to persistent cycles.

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“…A number of experiments have been conducted to investigate the strength of maternal influence on individual performance in a range of animals (e.g. Erelli & Elkinton 2000;Ergon et al 2001;Banks & Powell 2004), which have generally found maternal effects to be either absent or weak. The conclusions from these studies are that although maternal effects could drive important features of population dynamics, the maternal effects observed probably have a minor influence on population dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in maternal investment in eggs can affect population dynamics

et al. 2005

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The way that mothers provision their offspring can have important consequences for their offspring's performance throughout life. Models suggest that maternally induced variation in life histories may have large population dynamical effects, even perhaps driving cycles such as those seen in forest Lepidoptera. The evidence for large maternal influences on population dynamics is unconvincing, principally because of the difficulty of conducting experiments at both the individual and population level. In the soil mite, Sancassania berlesei, we show that there is a trade-off between a female's fecundity and the per-egg provisioning of protein. The mother's position on this trade-off depends on her current food availability and her age. Populations initiated with 250 eggs of different mean sizes showed significant differences in the population dynamics, converging only after three generations. Differences in the growth, maturation and fecundity of the initial cohort caused differences in the competitive environment for the next generation, which, in turn, created differences in their growth and reproduction. Maternal effects in one generation can therefore lead to population dynamical consequences over many generations. Where animals live in environments that are temporally variable, we conjecture that maternal effects could result in long-term dynamical effects.

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Does maternal condition or predation risk influence small mammal population dynamics?

Cited by 18 publications

References 78 publications

Evidence for harvest-induced maternal influences on the reproductive rates of fish populations

Evidence for harvest-induced maternal influences on the reproductive rates of fish populations

The influence of context-dependent maternal effects on population dynamics: an experimental test

Changes in maternal investment in eggs can affect population dynamics

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