Does maintenance of colour categories rely on language? Evidence to the contrary from a case of semantic dementia

Haslam, Catherine; Wills, Andy J.; Haslam, S. Alexander; Kay, Janice; Baron, Rachel; McNab, Fiona

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.08.007

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For the time being, we can conclude that there is no evidence for a deficit in unsupervised categorization in dyslexics. Our results are in correspondence with the conclusion of Haslam et al (2007), who also reported that spontaneous categorization performance and language ability seem unrelated. An interesting general question arising from such research is exactly what is the relation between language and our conceptual understanding of the world.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Ideally, we would like to study dyslexic participants with a categorization task that is not confounded with either attention or linguistic competence. With respect to the latter, it is also worth noting that Haslam et al (2007) have provided some evidence that spontaneous categorization ability may be unrelated to linguistic ability-our approach is analogous to their, but in the context of dyslexia and using a normative measure of categorization performance (Haslam et al employed participants whose linguistic ability was deteriorating due to semantic dementia).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dyslexic participants show intact spontaneous categorization processes

Nikolopoulos

Pothos

2008

Dyslexia

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslexic participants show intact spontaneous categorization processes

Nikolopoulos

Pothos

2008

Dyslexia

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“…For instance, some case-study evidence has suggested that maintenance of color categories does not rely on language. For example, Haslam, Wills, Haslam, Kay, Baron, and McNab (2007) described a patient with semantic dementia who was able to categorize different colors consistently, despite a near-complete loss of color language. Categorizing colors may depend on basic perceptual features, separate from verbal labels (Haslam et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and feature-binding in visual working memory: The role of verbal rehearsal.

Forsberg¹,

Johnson²,

Logie³

2019

Psychology and Aging

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Age-related decline in ability to bind and remember conjunctions of features has been proposed as an explanation for the pronounced decline of visual Working Memory (WM) in healthy aging. However, evidence that older adults exhibit greater visual feature binding deficits than younger adults has been mixed. Binding deficits in older adults are often observed using paradigms with easy-to-label features. Labeling and rehearsing single features may result in apparent binding deficits if older adults rely on comparatively intact verbal memory to compensate for declining visual WM. This strategy would be more useful for single features (e.g., 'red'), than for conjunctions of features (e.g., 'red triangle') which are more cumbersome to rehearse, and thus visual feature-binding paradigms which do not prevent verbal strategies may unintentionally measure verbal load differences. Across three experiments (total N = 150), we investigated the role of verbal rehearsal by manipulating ease of stimulus labeling for visually presented single features and conjunctions of two features. Overall, visual memory for difficult-to-label, non-categorical, visual information appeared especially limited for older adults, likely because it impedes engagement of other systems, such as verbal WM or long-term memory. Therefore, comparing younger-and older-adult task performance may not straightforwardly reveal age-related visual WM decline, but instead reflect applications of different strategies that tap different cognitive mechanisms. We discuss implications for the feature-binding literature, and the wider visual WM literature.

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“…Wills, Lavric, Croft & Hodgson, 2007) is another example of a secondary DV, whilst measures of classification consistency (e.g. Haslam et al, 2007) or, relatedly, intuitiveness (Pothos & Bailey, 2009) are other examples of primary DVs on this definition. The question of whether reaction time measures (e.g.…”

Section: Prioritizing Dvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the adequacy of current empirical evaluations of formal models of categorization.

Wills

Pothos

2012

Psychological Bulletin

124

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This is the unspecified version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: AbstractCategorization is one of the fundamental building blocks of cognition, and the study of categorization is notable for the extent to which formal modeling has been a central and influential component of research. However, the field has seen a proliferation of divergent, non-complementary models with little consensus on the relative adequacy of these accounts.Progress on assessing relative adequacy of formal categorization models against these criteria has, to date, been limited because (a) formal model comparisons are narrow in the number of models and phenomena considered, and (b) models do not often clearly define their explanatory scope. Progress is further hampered by the practice of fitting models with arbitrarily variable parameters to each data set independently. Reviewing examples of good practice in the literature, we conclude that model comparisons are most fruitful when relative adequacy is assessed by comparing well-defined models on the basis of the number and proportion of irreversible, ordinal, penetrable successes (principles of minimal flexibility, breadth, good-enough precision, maximal simplicity, and psychological focus).Keywords: categorization; cluster; exemplar; model selection; modeling; prototype. EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF CATEGORIZATION MODELS 2The study of categorization is a fascinating endeavor. The process of constructing and using categories underpins our capacity to encode and apply information in the world in an efficient and competent manner but also, ultimately, our ability to think in terms of abstract kind of categorization models should we aim to develop? The lack of consensus regarding such key issues has resulted in categorization research being carried out in increasingly independent strands and this has been inhibiting overall progress in the field. Nosofsky, Gluck, Palmeri, McKinley and Glauthier (1994) wrote, "Recent years have seen an avalanche of newly proposed models of category learning and representation. As such models grow increasingly more sophisticated, there is a need to develop increasingly more rigorous testing grounds so that one may choose among them" (p. 352). Almost 20 years later, progress towards this goal remains limited.In the current article, we first provide a definition of the term formal model, consider the principal advantages of formal modeling over other forms of theorizing, briefly summarize some of the leading formal models of categorization, and assess progress to date on the empirical evaluation and comparison of these models. We then set out the approaches EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF CATEGORIZATION MODELS 3 we believe are most likely to lead to progress in the future. We organize our conclusions in terms of a set of criteria for assessing the relative adequacy of models, and a list of dependent and independent variables that any adequate formal model of categorization should be expected to...

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Does maintenance of colour categories rely on language? Evidence to the contrary from a case of semantic dementia

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Dyslexic participants show intact spontaneous categorization processes

Dyslexic participants show intact spontaneous categorization processes

Aging and feature-binding in visual working memory: The role of verbal rehearsal.

On the adequacy of current empirical evaluations of formal models of categorization.

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