Does lower extremity pain precede spinal pain? A longitudinal study

Fuglkjær, Signe; Vach, Werner; Hartvigsen, Jan; Wedderkopp, Niels; Junge, Tina; Hestbæk, Lise

doi:10.1007/s00431-018-3235-6

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…When familial and socioeconomic variables were introduced in the models, the effect estimates were only slightly reduced and remained statistically significant, indicating that familial determinants were still affecting childhood spinal pain when adjusting for socioeconomic factors, and vice versa. Thus, it is likely that some of the underlying mechanisms may be found within the family environment of the child (i.e., affecting vulnerability and well-being of the child) such as in parental pain behavior [ 7 , 47 ], chronic pain, parental mental health and behavioral problems (i.e., depression, anxiety, and substance use) [ 19 , 40 ], or in other psychosocial and lifestyle factors [ 12 , 26 ]. These conditions might impact psychological symptoms in the child such as sleep difficulties, feeling low, nervousness, general well-being, and loneliness which have previously been associated with spinal pain in children [ 4 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of spinal pain in children: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort

et al. 2019

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This study aims to describe the prevalence of spinal pain among Danish children, explore the differential nature of spinal pain, and investigate socio-demographic factors predisposing spinal pain. A descriptive study of 46,726 11–14-year-olds participating in the Danish National Birth Cohort was conducted. Self-reported spinal pain (neck, middle back, and low back pain) was registered and classified according to severity. Socioeconomic data on children and their parents were identified in Statistics Denmark registers. Associations between socio-demographic factors and aspects of spinal pain were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models. To account for sample selection, inverse probability weighting (IPW) was applied. Almost 10% boys and 14% girls reported severe spinal pain, whereas around 30% of all children reported moderate pain. Effect estimates indicated the risk to increase with increasing age. Further, children without biological full siblings, not living with both of their parents, or children living in less-educated or lower-income families were more likely to experience spinal pain. The study conclusions were essentially unaffected by IPW. Conclusion : A considerable number of children suffer from spinal pain, and it is more common among children in more disadvantaged families. Etiology of spinal pain needs to be explored further with the aim of informing efficient and targeted prevention. What is Known: • Childhood spinal pain may cause marked discomfort and impairment in children ’ s everyday life , and is suggested as important predictor of later-in-life spinal pain . • Methodological heterogeneity in previous studies and complexity of measuring pain make inferences at a broader level inadequate . What is New: • Prevalence of severe spinal pain in 11 – 14 - year - olds was estimated to almost 10% for boys and 14% for girls, and children in more disadvantaged families were more likely to experience spinal pain . • The results seemed unaffected by sample selection . Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00431-019-03326-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of spinal pain in children: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort

et al. 2019

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“…This is also expected as the gender ratio (females/males) of SCI in Norway and Sweden is 25/75. In previous studies using the SMS technology, gender differences in compliance were minimal [6,9]. We found that compliance was influenced to some degree by individual factors, but the factor that remained significant in the final model was "study", i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This term describes a new way of collecting data, reflecting the fact that the respondent may actually answer in their own environment (ecological) when the incident occurs (momentary), not waiting for an appointment in a lab after the incident of interest has passed. Research using this type of frequent assessment generally show excellent response-rates [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequently repeated measurements -our experience of collecting data with SMS

Axén

Jensen

Forslund

et al. 2020

BMC Med Res Methodol

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Background: As technology is advancing, so are the possibilities for new data collection methods in research, potentially improving data quality and validity of the results. In Sweden, a system using frequent repeated data collection using text messages, SMS Track, has been used in clinical research for more than a decade. In this paper, compliance with repeated text message questions was examined across five different studies, i.e. if compliance was 1: associated with study-specific factors (age or gender of the subjects, the condition, its' severity or course, i.e. improvement, relapse or steady state) and/or. 2: associated with the methodology itself (the question being asked, the frequency and number of questions, duration of data collection, initial compliance or the management of the system). Methods: Descriptive comparisons were done across five studies. Three studies were collecting weekly responses over at least 52 weeks ("Weekly studies") and were used to investigate the effect of age, sex and pain severity on compliance, the effect of early compliance for late compliance, and finally the early occurrence of two successive weeks with non-compliance. Result: Compliance was excellent across all five studies, and only influenced somewhat by age, sex and pain-level. The factor "study" remained significant in the final model thus the observed differences may be a result of the conditions studied but does not seem to be attributable to severity or development of these conditions. Number and frequency of questions did not influence compliance, nor did study duration. Conclusions: Compliance was excellent in the included studies and was not affected by population factors. However, differences in compliance were observed that cannot be easily explained and warrant further investigation. In particular, the nature of the variables or the management of the study are potential areas for further investigations.

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“…This corresponds with research showing that pain in one location, is an independent risk factor for developing pain in subsequent other pain-free locations [ 29 ]. Similarly, in adolescents, lower extremetiy pain has been linked to the development of subsequent back pain complaints [ 30 ]. There are several potential mechanisms which may underpin this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and transition of multi-site pain during the course of 5 years: Results of knee pain and function from a prospective cohort study among 756 adolescents

et al. 2021

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Introduction Multi-site pain has not been investigated among adolescents suffering from knee pain. This study aimed to examine the trajectory of pain in adolescents with knee-pain, to determine if multi-site pain in adolescents together with other established prognostic factors (frequency of pain, sex, sports participation, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)) was associated with five-year prognosis of knee-pain and function. Methods This prospective cohort study included 504 adolescents with knee pain and 252 controls. At five-year follow-up, participants responded to an questionnaire which documented prescence and severity of knee pain and co-occurring pain. Results At follow-up, 358 (71.0%) of those with knee-pain at baseline, and 182 (72.2%) controls responded. Female sex, low HRQoL, daily pain, and multi-site pain were associated with an increased odds of knee pain after 5 years (odds ratio: 1.41–3.37). Baseline multi-site pain was not associated with problems running at follow-up, whereas higher sports participation at baseline was associated with less problems running at follow-up (odd ratio 0.49). Among those with knee-pain at inclusion, the number of pain sites increased from a median of 2 (IQR 1–3) to 4 (IQR 2–6) at follow-up (P<0.05). Those with multi-site pain at follow-up score significantly worse in self-reported knee function, compared to those with one pain site only. Conclusion This study identified a set of factors that appeared to be associated with an increased risk of knee pain at five years follow up. Research is needed to understand and help direct treatment of adolescents with multi-site pain.

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Does lower extremity pain precede spinal pain? A longitudinal study

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Epidemiology of spinal pain in children: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort

Epidemiology of spinal pain in children: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort

Frequently repeated measurements -our experience of collecting data with SMS

Prognosis and transition of multi-site pain during the course of 5 years: Results of knee pain and function from a prospective cohort study among 756 adolescents

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