Does integrating labour provisions in free trade agreements make a difference? An exploratory analysis of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights in 13 EU trade partners

Marx, Axel; Soares, Jadir

doi:10.4337/9781783477760.00013

Cited by 8 publications

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“…A significant source of uncertainty, however, is that an observed outcome could be the result of several different variables and causal pathways, perhaps acting in combination (Marx and Soares, 2015b). In the light of such complexity, it has been argued that it is more fruitful to seek to identify the different necessary and/or sufficient conditions under which the phenomenon in question arises (ibid.).…”

Section: Attribution and Process Of Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Furthermore, researchers have adopted various methodological approaches. While Häberli, Jansen and Monteiro (2012), Kim (2012), Postnikov and Bastiaens (2014), Marx and Soares (2015a), Bazillier and Rana (2015), López Mourelo and Samaan (2018) and Raess, Dür and Sari (2018) adopt a statistical analysis approach, other authors (ILO, 2013;Vogt, 2014;Van den Putte, 2015a;Oehri, 2015;Orbie, Martens and Van den Putte, 2016;Ebert, 2016;Campling et al, 2016) take instead a more qualitative approach. The existing academic literature has thus addressed the question of effectiveness from different angles, implicitly and explicitly suggesting various methodological approaches.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements: An analytical and methodological framework

Aissi

Peels

Samaan

2018

International Labour Review

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This article puts forward an analytical and methodological framework for examining the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements, illustrated by indicative case studies. Developing the notion of capacity at three levels (state, civil society and firms), the authors differentiate between proximate outcomes (legal, institutional and political) and distant, socio‐economic outcomes (improving labour rights and working conditions). They thus consider labour provisions in trade agreements as a multifaceted “policy mix” to be evaluated through qualitative and/or quantitative methods, depending on the aspect of capacity that is of interest, and on the available data. Some policy recommendations are also provided.

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Section: Attribution and Process Of Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements: An analytical and methodological framework

Aissi

Peels

Samaan

2018

International Labour Review

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“…Marx, Lein, & Brando, 2016;Scheuerman, 2001;Van Roozendaal, 2015;Vogt, 2015). In particular, there is concern that the implementation devices regarding FTA labour provisions might be insufficient to address non-compliance in practice (Harrison, Barbu, Campling, Richardson, & Smith, 2017;Marx & Soares, 2015;Marx et al, 2016;Orbie & Van den Putte, 2016). While it is recognized that FTA labour provisions may entail other positive effects, such as increasing labour-related capacity building (Cheong & Ebert, 2016;Ebert, 2016), there is a growing consensus that the relevant enforcement mechanisms, notably the arrangements for dispute settlement, are unsuitable to significantly foster compliance with labour rights (see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispute Settlement for Labour Provisions in EU Free Trade Agreements: Rethinking Current Approaches

Marx

Ebert

Hachez

2017

PaG

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While labour provisions have been inserted in a number of EU free trade agreements (FTAs), extant clauses are widely perceived as ineffective. This article argues that there is a need to rethink the dispute settlement mechanisms related to labour provisions if their effectiveness is to be increased. It proceeds in three steps. First, we look at the current state of the art of labour provisions in EU FTAs in terms of legal design and practice and argue that the current arrangements are ill-equipped to foster compliance with labour standards. Second, we explore avenues to enhance the design of FTA labour provisions by reconsidering basic elements of the dispute settlement structure. Examining US FTA labour provisions, we highlight the importance of a formal complaint mechanism, on the one hand, and the availability of economic sanctions, on the other. Based on a review of existing practice, we contend, however, that these elements alone are not sufficient to effectively enforce FTA labour provisions. We argue that for FTA labour provisions to be effective, the current stateto-state model of dispute settlement needs to be complemented by a third-party-state dimension and that, additionally, there are good reasons to consider a third party-third party dispute settlement component. We ground these reflections in experiences with already existing instruments in other areas, namely investor-state dispute settlement and voluntary sustainability standards. Thirdly, we discuss options to better connect the dispute settlement mechanisms of FTA labour provisions to other international instruments for labour standards protection with a view to creating synergies and avoiding fragmentation between the different regimes. The focus here is on the International Labour Organization's supervisory mechanism and the framework of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises.

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“…Estos acontecimientos han aumentado el interés en la eficacia de las disposiciones laborales 3 y han dado lugar a investigaciones sobre diversos aspectos de la misma, entre otros, el papel de los mecanismos de solución de controversias y la efectividad de las peticiones de terceras partes en relación con los diversos acuerdos (por ejemplo, Nolan García, 2010;OIT, 2015;Vogt, 2014;Bazillier y Rana, 2015); los efectos sobre determinados derechos y condiciones laborales (Heintz y Luce, 2010;López Mourelo y Samaan, 2018;Marx y Soares, 2015a); los cambios institucionales y organizacionales relacionados con el control del cumplimiento de la legislación laboral (OIT, 2015;Dewan y Ronconi, 2014;Oehri, 2015;Ebert, 2016); y el papel de los actores de la sociedad civil 4 (Van den Putte, 2015a; Orbie, Martens y Van den Putte, 2016; Raess, Dür y Sari, 2018). Además, los investigadores han utilizado diferentes propuestas metodológicas.…”

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“…En este artículo utilizamos la definición incluida enOIT (2016), desarrollando más a fondo lade Ebert y Posthuma (2011), según la cual una disposición laboral es toda norma relativa a las relaciones laborales o a las condiciones mínimas de trabajo, los mecanismos de control o la promoción del cumplimiento, y/o a un marco de cooperación.3 VéaseSiroën et al, 2008; Scherrer et al, 2009;Banks, 2011;Kim, 2012;Postnikov y Bastiaens, 2014;Oehri, 2015;Marx y Soares, 2015a;Kamata, 2016;Orbie, Martens y Van den Putte, 2016;Campling et al, 2016;Ebert, 2016; Raess, Dür y Sari, 2018. 4 Utilizamos el término «actores de la sociedad civil» para referirnos a los actores no estatales involucrados en la promoción de los derechos laborales en los diversos niveles, incluidos sindicatos, organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) y otros defensores de estos derechos.…”

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Evaluación de la eficacia de las disposiciones laborales de los acuerdos comerciales: marco analítico y metodológico

Aissi¹,

Peels

Samaan³

2018

Revista Int Trabajo

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Resumen Este artículo propone un marco analítico y metodológico para examinar la eficacia de las disposiciones laborales de los acuerdos comerciales, ilustrándolo con estudios de casos. Los autores desarrollan la noción de capacidad en tres niveles (jurídico, institucional y político) y diferencian entre resultados inmediatos (jurídicos, institucionales y políticos) y resultados socioeconómicos ulteriores (mejora de los derechos y las condiciones laborales). Analizan las disposiciones laborales de dichos acuerdos como una «combinación de políticas» que ha de evaluarse con métodos cualitativos y/o cuantitativos, dependiendo del aspecto de la capacidad de que se trate y de los datos disponibles. Asimismo, ofrecen algunas recomendaciones de política.

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Does integrating labour provisions in free trade agreements make a difference? An exploratory analysis of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights in 13 EU trade partners

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluating the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements: An analytical and methodological framework

Evaluating the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements: An analytical and methodological framework

Dispute Settlement for Labour Provisions in EU Free Trade Agreements: Rethinking Current Approaches

Evaluación de la eficacia de las disposiciones laborales de los acuerdos comerciales: marco analítico y metodológico

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