Does higher income inequality adversely influence infant mortality rates? Reconciling descriptive patterns and recent research findings

Siddiqi, Arjumand; Jones, Marcella K.; Erwin, Paul Campbell

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.03.010

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…The association between income inequality and stroke mortality was shown to be robust to the study period time-specific effects. However the association between income inequality and health has been previously described as dependent on the study period societal characteristics and other time bound factors [ 48 ]. Therefore, since the analysis couldn’t account for all the determinants implied by time, our results may not be easily generalized to other time periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Stroke Mortality in Brazil: Longitudinal and Regional Analysis 2002-2009

Vincens

Stafström

2015

PLoS ONE

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Background and PurposeStroke accounts for more than 10% of all deaths globally and most of it occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Income inequality and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has been associated to stroke mortality in developed countries. In LMIC, GDP per capita is considered to be a more relevant health determinant than income inequality. This study aims to investigate if income inequality is associated to stroke mortality in Brazil at large, but also on regional and state levels, and whether GDP per capita modulates the impact of this association.MethodsStroke mortality rates, Gini index and GDP per capita data were pooled for the 2002 to 2009 period from public available databases. Random effects models were fitted, controlling for GDP per capita and other covariates.ResultsIncome inequality was independently associated to stroke mortality rates, even after controlling for GDP per capita and other covariates. GDP per capita reduced only partially the impact of income inequality on stroke mortality. A decrease in 10 points in the Gini index was associated with 18% decrease in the stroke mortality rate in Brazil.ConclusionsIncome inequality was independently associated to stroke mortality in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Stroke Mortality in Brazil: Longitudinal and Regional Analysis 2002-2009

Vincens

Stafström

2015

PLoS ONE

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“…Most of the empirical studies supported the hypothesis that greater differences in income are associated with lower standards of population health. Also, higher income inequality is associated with higher IMR (Siddiqi, Jones, and Erwin 2015).…”

Section: Income Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of economic growth, foreign direct investment and internet use on child health outcomes: empirical evidence from South Africa

Salahuddin

Vink

Ralph

et al. 2020

Development Studies Research

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This study examines the effects of economic growth and foreign direct investment (FDI) on child health outcomes measured by Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Child Mortality Rate Under 5 (CMRU5) with several control variables such as corruption, inequality and HIV among others. It analyzes South Africa's annual time series data for the period 1985-2016. As variables were found with mixed order of integration, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is applied to determine cointegration and estimate short-run and long-run coefficients. Results indicate that economic growth and FDI have negative significant effects on both indicators of child health outcomes in both the short run and the long run. This implies that both economic growth and FDI contribute towards reducing IMR and CMRU5 in South Africa and thus help improve child health outcomes. Toda and Yamamoto (TY) causality test confirms causal association between these variables. Policy implications are discussed.

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“…This is because having fewer socioeconomic resources exposes children (directly, or in utero through mothers’ exposures) to a range of negative circumstances that underlie nearly every aspect of infant health and development 2. Moreover, outcomes during the first year of life are associated with poorer health outcomes throughout the life course, from developmental setbacks in childhood through to cardiovascular disease and premature mortality in late adulthood 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cash transfer programmes yield better health in the first year of life? A systematic review linking low-income/middle-income and high-income contexts

2018

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Does higher income inequality adversely influence infant mortality rates? Reconciling descriptive patterns and recent research findings

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Stroke Mortality in Brazil: Longitudinal and Regional Analysis 2002-2009

Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Stroke Mortality in Brazil: Longitudinal and Regional Analysis 2002-2009

Effects of economic growth, foreign direct investment and internet use on child health outcomes: empirical evidence from South Africa

Do cash transfer programmes yield better health in the first year of life? A systematic review linking low-income/middle-income and high-income contexts

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