Does harvest in west slope Douglas-fir increase peak flow in small forest streams? /

Rothacher, Jack.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.87948

Cited by 42 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…For example, on a small basin in Pennsylvania (43 ha), subject to clearcut on 20% of the total area, the mean peak discharge during the growing season increased from 0.11 to 0.50 m 3 s -1 km -2 (Partridge and Sopper 1973). Moreover, when 25% of a 101-ha watershed in the Oregon Cascades was clearcut in patches, Rothacher (1973) found a 10% increase in adjusted mean peak discharge after logging. At Casper Creek basin, in Oregon, a clearcut in patches caused 10% increase in the mean peak discharge from 0.37 to 0.40 m 3 s -1 km -2 (Ziemer 1981).…”

Section: Rainfall-runoff Analysis At Event Scalementioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of thinning on the water balance of a catchment in a Mediterranean environment

Callegari¹,

Ferrari²,

Garfì³

et al. 2003

The Forestry Chronicle

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A study on the impact of silvicultural practices on the water balance was carried out in a watershed in Calabria, southern Italy, the prevalent cover of which is Calabrian pine stands. A thinning was carried out in 1993, which removed 50% of the total number of trees (about 30% of the basal area), and the catchment hydrological response before and after the intervention was compared. After thinning, differences were observed in yearly runoff, with a significant increase in groundwater flow during spring and summer. In light of this evidence, we assume that silvicultural interventions can contribute significantly to improve water resources management, particularly in regions with a long dry season, as in the Mediterranean area.Key words: Pinus laricio, runoff, small catchment, thinning, water resources management L'impact des interventions sylvicoles sur le bilan hydriques a été étudié en un bassin-versant boisé, en Calabre (Italie méridionale), dominé par des peuplements de pin laricio. En 1993 un élagage fut effectué, emportant l'élimination de 50% du nombre total des arbres (correspondant à environ 30% de la surface terrière) et la réponse hydrologique du bassin fut comparée avant et après l'intervention. Les résultats ont montré que l'élagage a induit quelques différences significatives sur le ruissellement annuel, avec une augmentation assez remarquable de l'écoulement souterrain surtout au printemps et en été. Sur la base de cette évidence, il est très vraisemblable que les interventions sylvicoles peuvent notablement contribuer à l'amélioration de l'aménagement des ressources hydriques, surtout dans des régions caractérisées par une longue saison sèche comme la région méditerranéenne.

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Section: Rainfall-runoff Analysis At Event Scalementioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of thinning on the water balance of a catchment in a Mediterranean environment

Callegari¹,

Ferrari²,

Garfì³

et al. 2003

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…Of those studies that have attempted to look at the hydrologic behavior of roads, most have been part of small (typically 0.3 to 2 square miles) watershed experiments, where roads were a component of the experimental treatment, which often included other silvicultural practices. Key studies and locales of this type include those by Rothacher (1965Rothacher ( , 1971Rothacher ( , 1973, Harr and McCorison (1979), Harr and others (1975), Jones and Grant (1996), and Thomas and Megahan (1998) in western Oregon; Ziemer (1981Ziemer ( , 1998 and Wright and others (1990) in northern California; King and Tennyson (1984) in central Idaho; Reinhart and others (1963), Hewlett and Helvey (1970), others (1982, 1988) in the southern Appalachians, Helvey and Kochenderfer (1988) in the central Appalachians;and Hornbeck (1973) and Hornbeck and others (1997) in the northern Appalachians. Very few studies have focused on the hydrologic behavior of roads alone; in the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountains, maximum measurement periods during which roads were the only treatment range from 1 to 4 years (Wemple 1994).…”

Section: Hydrologic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest roads: a synthesis of scientific information.

Gucinski¹,

Furniss²,

Ziemer³

et al. 2001

125

108

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Effects of roads in forested ecosystems span direct physical and ecological ones (such as geomorphic and hydrologic effects), indirect and landscape level ones (such as effects on aquatic habitat, terrestrial vertebrates, and biodiversity conservation), and socioeconomic ones (such as passive-use value, economic effects on development and range management). Road effects take place in the contexts of environmental settings, their history, and the state of engineering practices, and must be evaluated in those contexts for best management approaches.Keywords: Roads, roadless areas, forest ecosystems, geomorphology, hydrology, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity, nonmarket values, heritage values, economic development, grazing, mineral resources, fire. AbstractRoads are a vital component of civilization. They provide access for people to study, enjoy, and commune with forested wildlands and to extract an array of resources from natural and modified ecosystems. Roads have well-documented, short-and long-term effects on the environment that have become highly controversial, because of the value society now places on unroaded wildlands and because of wilderness conflicts with resource extraction.The approach taken in this report is to identify known and hypothesized road-related issues and to summarize the scientific information available about them. The report identifies links among processes and effects that suggest both potential compatible uses and potential problems and risks. Generalizations are made where appropriate, but roads issues and road science usually cannot be effectively separated from the specific ecologic, economic, social, and public lands management contexts in which roads exist or are proposed.Across a forest or river basin, the access needs, economic dependencies, landscape sensitivities, downstream beneficial uses of water, and so on can be reasonably well defined, but these relations tend to differ greatly from place to place. An effective synthesis of road issues draws local experts together to thoroughly evaluate road and access benefits, problems and risks, and to inform managers about what roads may be needed, for how long, for what purposes, and at what benefits and costs to the agency and society.Road effects and uses may be somewhat arbitrarily divided into beneficial and detrimental. The largest group of beneficial variables relates to access. We identified access-related benefits as harvest of timber and special forest products, grazing, mining, recreation, fire control, land management, research and monitoring, access to private inholdings, restoration, local community critical needs, subsistence, and the cultural value of the roads themselves. Nonaccess-related benefits include edge habitat, fire breaks, absence of economic alternatives for land management, and jobs associated with building and maintaining the roads.Undesirable consequences include adverse effects on hydrology and geomorphic features (such as debris slides and sedimentation), habitat fragmentation, predation, road ki...

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“…For these reasons, the relation between forest harvest and peak discharges has been an important and controversial issue in many regions, including the Pacific Northwest. [Rothacher, 1973;Harr et al, 1975; …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic processes and peak discharge response to forest removal, regrowth, and roads in 10 small experimental basins, Western Cascades, Oregon

Jones¹

2000

Water Resources Research

168

151

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Abstract. The magnitude, seasonality, and duration of peak discharge responses to forest removal and regrowth and roads in 10 pairs of experimental basins in the western Cascade Range of Oregon are consistent with fundamental water balance and routing concepts in hydrology. Hypothesized effects of forestry treatments on evapotranspiration, cloud water interception, snowpack dynamics, and subsurface flow interception vary predictably by season, geographic setting, amount of forest canopy removal, stage of canopy regrowth, and arrangement of roads in the basin. Posttreatment responses of selected subpopulations of matched peak discharge events were examined over 10-to 34-year posttreatment periods in treated-control basin pairs in a range of geographic settings. Changes in evapotranspiration associated with forest canopy removal and regrowth apparently accounted for significant increases (31-116%) in peak discharges during the first postharvest decade in 8 of 10 treated basins, but the events that were affected were small (<0.22-or 0.28-year return periods) and occurred in the fall (September-November), when soils are in moisture deficit, rather than in spring (March-May), when soils are in moisture surplus. For a given amount of forest canopy removal, initial increases in small, fall events were greater in drier basins than wetter basins, and increases tended to disappear as forest canopies regrew. Changes in cloud water interception apparently offset changes in evapotranspiration in two partially cut basins. Changes in snowpack dynamics apparently accounted for significant increases (25-31%) in winter rain-on-snow events, but other types of winter events did not change, in four of five basins at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. Changes in subsurface flow interception apparently accounted for significant increases (13-36%) in large (>l-year return period) events in seven of eight basins with roads, and, controlling for geographic location, the magnitude of increases was related to the density of midslope roads.

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Does harvest in west slope Douglas-fir increase peak flow in small forest streams? /

Cited by 42 publications

References 1 publication

Impact of thinning on the water balance of a catchment in a Mediterranean environment

Impact of thinning on the water balance of a catchment in a Mediterranean environment

Forest roads: a synthesis of scientific information.

Hydrologic processes and peak discharge response to forest removal, regrowth, and roads in 10 small experimental basins, Western Cascades, Oregon

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