163This paper examines the dynamic impact of both bank-and market-based financial development on economic growth in Australia during the period from 1980 to 2012. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to examine this linkage. Unlike certain previous studies, this study uses both bank-and market-based financial development indices to measure the level of financial sector development in Australia. These indices were computed using the means-removed average method. The empirical results of this study show that while bankbased financial development has a short-run positive impact on economic growth in Australia, market-based financial development has no significant impact on economic growth, both in the short run and in the long run. These results imply that, in Australia, it is of paramount importance to concentrate on pro-banking sector policies, at least in the short run, to stimulate growth.
IntroductionAlthough there is rich literature on the finance-growth nexus, the bulk of such literature is on the relationship between bank-based financial development and economic growth. Only a handful of studies provide coverage on the relationship between market-based financial development and economic growth. However, even in studies that have explored the economic growth impact of market-based financial development, the conclusions are far from conclusive.In the finance-growth literature, there is evidence in support of a positive relationship between financial development and economic growth (Akinlo & Akinlo, 2009;Adu, Marbuah, & Mensah, 2013;Bernard & Austin, 2011;Goldsmith, 1969;Hassan, Sanchez, & Yu, 2011; Kargbo & Adamu, 2009;King & Levine, 1993;Levine & Zervos, 1996;Odedokun, 1996). Despite such overwhelming evidence, some studies conclude that bank-based and market-based financial development have a negative impact on economic growth (Adu et al., 2013;Bernard and Austin, 2011;Buffie, 1984;De Gregorio and Guidotti, 1995;Ujunwa and Salami, 2010;Van Wijnbergen, 1983). In addition to these two contrasting groups of empirical evidence, Australia, bank-based financial development, market-based financial development, economic growth