Does Fertilizer Education Program Increase the Technical Efficiency of Chemical Fertilizer Use? Evidence from Wheat Production in China

Wang, Pingping; Zhang, Wendong; Li, Minghao; Han, Yong

doi:10.3390/su11020543

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The fertilizer market includes mineral fertilizers (e.g., ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride), organic ones (crop residues, animal excrements) and also organochemical (urea). According to Blanco-Canqui and Schlegel [35] and Wang et al [36], the efficiency of mineral fertilization is low, and excessive amounts of mineral fertilizers may seriously degrade soil and pollute the environment. Han et al [37], Li et al [38], Stockmann et al [39], Xiang et al [40], Zamanian and Kuzyakov [41] and Zhou et al [42] proved that long-term mineral fertilization contributes to soil acidification due to the formation of protons when ammonium becomes oxidized into nitrites and nitrates.…”

Section: Nitrogen Fertilization Vs Yield Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Microbial Transformation of Nitrogen Compounds in the Light of Integrated Crop Management

2021

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Nitrogen (N) is widely distributed in the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. It is a basic component of every plant cell as well as microorganisms, as a component of proteins, nucleic acids and chlorophyll. It enters soil with organic and mineral fertilizers, plant and animal residues and biological nitrogen fixation. There are various forms of nitrogen in soil, and this element is usually transformed by microorganisms. The transformation of nitrogen compounds (ammonification, nitrification and immobilization) is significantly influenced by climatic conditions and the physicochemical properties of soil. Microbial mineralization of nitrogen organic matter results in the enrichment of soil with this element, which is necessary to generate a yield. The amount of nitrogen entering soil through the mineralization of crop residues ranges from 15 to 45 kg N/ha in cereal residues and from 80 to 144 kg N/ha in winter rape residues. Biological nitrogen fixation can increase the nitrogen content in soil by 30–50 kg/ha/year. In recent decades, the mismanagement of mineral fertilizers has drastically changed the natural balance of the nitrogen cycle. Every year huge amounts of nitrogen compounds enter the aquatic ecosystems and cause their eutrophication. That is why it is important to have adequate knowledge of sustainable fertilization so as to practice integrated crop management.

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Section: Nitrogen Fertilization Vs Yield Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Microbial Transformation of Nitrogen Compounds in the Light of Integrated Crop Management

2021

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“…But other inputs such as animal power, machinery, fuel, agricultural film, and canopy frame materials, are not used in each rice production province within each year. Therefore, referring to relevant literatures [1,25,26,[36][37][38], we chose rice yield as output variable of rice production, and chemical fertilizer usage, seed usage, pesticide expenditure, number of labor force including both farmers and employees, and other expenditure that refer to the total expenditure of all other inputs as input variables. Considering that all output and input variables are valued at 1 hectare, the input variables do not include area of arable land.…”

Section: Kind Of Rice Selected Rice Production Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 7) Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Program (STFFP). The STFFP, implemented since 2005, has played a critical and favorable role in improving TEFU and promoting usage reduction of chemical fertilizer in China's agricultural production [38,47,48]. Therefore, TEFU * it can be further expressed as:…”

Section: Model For Estimating Tefu's Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEFU and its influencing factors in China's grain production have aroused attention of academia in China and abroad. It is found in relevant literatures that TEFU for China's rice, wheat, and corn production were still low and had significant differences at farmer level [1,29,[35][36][37][38]. Furthermore, the Tobit model [1,29,30,36,37,39] and difference-indifference (DID)model [37] were used to analyze TEFU's influencing factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical Efficiency of Chemical Fertilizer Use and Its Influencing Factors in China’s Rice Production

Sun

2021

Sustainability

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Low technical efficiency and excessive usage of chemical fertilizer in grain production is a problem commonly faced by China and many other developing countries, which leads to serious environment pollution and high environmental governance cost. China is the largest rice producing and consuming country, and several kinds of rice are grown in China and all of which are important edible grain. However, there has been no systematic research on kind difference and provincial difference of technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer use (TEFU) for rice production. Using the data of China’s 22 rice production provinces from the China Agricultural Product Cost-Benefit Compilation and the China Statistical Yearbook, this study measures the TEFU for early indica rice, intermediary indica rice, late indica rice, and japonica rice production by using a stochastic frontier production function (SFPF) model, and then analyzes TEFU’s influencing factors using a Tobit model and conducts the robustness check using a panel data fixed effect model. We found that, on average, TEFU for four kinds of rice production were improved significantly during 1997–2018, increasing by 67.70%, 39.93%, 14.76%, and 21.88%, respectively. TEFU for China’s rice production have significant differences among different kinds and production provinces, and still have large improvement potential. Government’s fiscal support to agriculture, agricultural labor productivity, agricultural mechanization, effective irrigation, and implementation of the “Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Program” (STFFP) have significant positive impact on TEFU; and natural disaster and fertilizer price have significant negative impact on TEFU.

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“…Excessive chemical fertilizers are often applied to maintain or enhance agricultural productivity under the pressures of shrinking land area per capita. The average chemical fertilizer usage per hectare in China has increased from 86.7 kg ha −1 in 1980 to 359 kg ha −1 in 2016, about 3.3 times that of the United States and 3.6 times that of the world average 1 . The average N input for vegetable crops was raised to 588 kg ha −1 according to the 2013–2015 survey, which was 2.7 times the recommended for open-field vegetables in China, respectively 2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coconut shell derived biochar to enhance water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) growth and decrease nitrogen loss under tropical conditions

Zhao

Zou

Ying

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Farms usually apply excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizers, especially in a vegetable production system, resulting in severe N leaching loss. Although there have been some reports on the impact of biochar on the N leaching in farmlands, most of them focused on field crops in temperate or subtropical religions. Limited information about N leaching in the tropical vegetable system is available regarding the quantitative data and effective countermeasures. A field experiment was conducted to quantify N leaching in a tropical leafy production system (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) and to evaluate the effects of coconut shell biochar on N loss and crop growth. The results showed that compared to conventional fertilization with the 240 kg N ha−1 application rate (NPK), biomass yield of water spinach increased by 40.1% under the high biochar application rate of 48 t ha−1 (HBC), which was significantly higher than that of NPK treatment. Moreover, The HBC treatment decreased N leaching by 34.0%, which can be attributed to enhanced crop uptake which increased by 40.3% as compared to NPK treatment. The NH4+/NO3− ratio in leachates was between 0.01 and 0.05. It was concluded that coconut shell derived biochar improved the biomass yields of water spinach and reduced the leaching N loss, which provides a promising amendment in tropical regions.

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Does Fertilizer Education Program Increase the Technical Efficiency of Chemical Fertilizer Use? Evidence from Wheat Production in China

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

The Significance of Microbial Transformation of Nitrogen Compounds in the Light of Integrated Crop Management

The Significance of Microbial Transformation of Nitrogen Compounds in the Light of Integrated Crop Management

Technical Efficiency of Chemical Fertilizer Use and Its Influencing Factors in China’s Rice Production

Coconut shell derived biochar to enhance water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) growth and decrease nitrogen loss under tropical conditions

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