“…However, although some studies have shown impaired identification performance following composite construction (e.g., Wells et al, 2005 ), others have found that identification accuracy improved (e.g., Davis et al, 2014 ) with most research tending to find no effect (e.g., Pike G. E. et al, 2019 ; Pike G. et al, 2019 ). A meta-analysis of this research revealed no significant negative effects of composite construction (Tredoux et al, 2020 ), although it is possible that exposure to a composite created by someone else may have a negative effect if the suspect and composite image share the same misleading feature, or either a positive or no effect if the composite is a more accurate representation (Sporer et al, 2020 ).…”