Does exposure to chronic stress influence blood pressure in rats?

Bobrovskaya, Larisa; Beard, Daniel J.; Bondarenko, Evgeny; Beig, Mirza Irfan; Jobling, Phillip; Walker, Frederick R.; Day, Trevor A.; Nalivaiko, Eugene

doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2013.05.001

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The reduction in PP is attributable to the drop in SAP and the rise of DAP. A recent study reported that adult rats subjected to 6 weeks of inescapable unpredictable electrical footshocks presented elevated SAP and PP without significant changes in DAP (Bobrovskaya et al, 2013), thus supporting present findings that social isolation differently affect SAP and DAP. The reduction in SAP may be mediated by a decrease in ventricular ejection, increase in distensibility of large arteries, and/or decrease of the reflected waves arising from changes in caliber or stiffness along the arterial system.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Adolescent vulnerability to cardiovascular consequences of chronic social stress: Immediate and long‐term effects of social isolation during adolescence

Cruz

Duarte

Leão

et al. 2015

Developmental Neurobiology

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It has been demonstrated that disruption of social bonds and perceived isolation (loneliness) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Adolescence is proposed as a period of vulnerability to stress. Nevertheless, the impact of chronic social stress during this ontogenic period in cardiovascular function is poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the impact in cardiovascular function of social isolation for 3 weeks in adolescent and adult male rats. Also, the long-term effects of social isolation during adolescence were investigated longitudinally. Social isolation reduced body weight in adolescent, but not in adult animals. Disruption of social bonds during adolescence increased arterial pressure without affecting heart rate and pulse pressure (PP). Nevertheless, social isolation in adulthood reduced systolic arterial pressure and increased diastolic arterial pressure, which in turn decreased PP without affecting mean arterial pressure. Cardiovascular changes in adolescents, but not adults, were followed by facilitation of both baroreflex sensitivity and vascular reactivity to the vasodilator agent acetylcholine. Vascular responsiveness to either the vasodilator agent sodium nitroprusside or the vasoconstrictor agent phenylephrine was not affected by social isolation. Except for the changes in body weight and baroreflex sensitivity, all alterations evoked by social isolation during adolescence were reversed in adulthood after moving animals from isolated to collective housing. These findings suggest a vulnerability of adolescents to the effects of chronic social isolation in cardiovascular function. However, results indicate minimal cardiovascular consequences in adulthood of disruption of social bonds during adolescence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Adolescent vulnerability to cardiovascular consequences of chronic social stress: Immediate and long‐term effects of social isolation during adolescence

Cruz

Duarte

Leão

et al. 2015

Developmental Neurobiology

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“…The above-mentioned study suggested that exposure to stressful stimuli during the period of life when children are learning to be without maternal protection might negatively affect cardiovascular regulation. In addition, stress was shown to alter body weight, which might be expected to differ depending on the stressor, in humans [32, 33] and rats [34, 35]. In this experimental study, reduced age-related body mass gain and a consistent trend toward increasing BP was seen in all stressed groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Genotype-Related Effect of Crowding Stress on Blood Pressure and Vascular Function in Young Female Rats

Slezák

Púzserová

Bališ

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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This study investigated the influence of chronic crowding stress on nitric oxide (NO) production, vascular function and oxidative status in young Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), borderline hypertensive (BHR) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) female rats. Five-week old rats were exposed to crowding for two weeks. Crowding elevated plasma corticosterone (P < 0.05) and accelerated BP (P < 0.01 versus basal) only in BHR. NO production and superoxide concentration were significantly higher in the aortas of control BHR and SHR versus WKY. Total acetylcholine (ACh)-induced relaxation in the femoral artery was reduced in control SHR versus WKY and BHR, and stress did not affect it significantly in any genotype. The attenuation of ACh-induced relaxation in SHR versus WKY was associated with reduction of its NO-independent component. Crowding elevated NO production in all strains investigated but superoxide concentration was increased only in WKY, which resulted in reduced NO-dependent relaxation in WKY. In crowded BHR and SHR, superoxide concentration was either unchanged or reduced, respectively, but NO-dependent relaxation was unchanged in both BHR and SHR versus their respective control group. This study points to genotype-related differences in stress vulnerability in young female rats. The most pronounced negative influence of stress was observed in BHR despite preserved endothelial function.

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“…This hypertension remained throughout the 26 wk of the experiment. In addition to hypertension, unpredictable electrical shock also results in reduced body weight gain, diminished locomotor activity, and lessened social interaction time, states which are compatible with signs of depression in human (37).…”

Section: Animal Models Of Physical Stressmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Protocols that differ in terms of intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical shock have been used to induce various degrees of stress (82,274,330,359). Animal behaviors such as predictability or avoidability can influence the magnitude of stress response (37,221,237,360). In case of acute stress, animals are euthanized 15 min after electrical shock, whereas chronic stress experiments continue for a period of 10 -14 days and the animals are studied 1 h after the last treatment session.…”

Section: Animal Models Of Physical Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic stress impacts the cardiovascular system: animal models and clinical outcomes

Golbidi

Frisbee

Laher

2015

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

168

125

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Does exposure to chronic stress influence blood pressure in rats?

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Adolescent vulnerability to cardiovascular consequences of chronic social stress: Immediate and long‐term effects of social isolation during adolescence

Adolescent vulnerability to cardiovascular consequences of chronic social stress: Immediate and long‐term effects of social isolation during adolescence

Genotype-Related Effect of Crowding Stress on Blood Pressure and Vascular Function in Young Female Rats

Chronic stress impacts the cardiovascular system: animal models and clinical outcomes

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