Does experimental paradoxical sleep deprivation (EPSD) is an appropriate model for evaluation of cardiovascular complications of obstructive sleep apnea?

Abstract

Purpose Some of the previous studies have used animal model of paradoxical sleep deprivation for investigation of sleep loss complications. The present study is designed to examine the effectiveness and reliability of this model for investigation and assessment of some cardiovascular complications of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Methods The Wistar rat groups were divided into the control group, the Test48 and Test72 groups, who experienced paradoxical sleep deprivation for 48 and 72 h, and the Sham48 and Sham72 groups, who were exposed to environmental conditions same to test groups but without sleep deprivation, respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood pressure and heart rate variability were assessed. ResultsThe results showed that 72 h rapid eye movements sleep deprivation significantly increased the systolic blood pressure compared to the control (p < 0.01), Sham48 and Test48 groups (p < 0.05). The comparison of the heart rate and heart rate variability parameters such as time domain indices (RR interval, SDNN, RMSSD, SD1, SD2, and SD1/ SD2) as well as frequency-domain variables (total power, LF and HF power, and LF/HF) had no significant difference among animal groups. Conclusions These findings suggest that rat paradoxical sleep deprivation may be a suitable model for induction and investigation of hemodynamic alterations which occurs in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; however, it cannot be an alternative model to induce heart rate variability alterations similar to those reported in patient with obstructive sleep apnea.

The safety assessment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on sympathovagal balance and heart rate variability; a comparison with amiodarone

“…The HRV was assessed by analysis of frequency domain (spectral) and time domain of each of 4‐min artefact‐free continuous ECG using HRV software (ADInstruments). Artefacts and arrhythmic cardiac beats were automatically detected by software and were eliminated . The time domain indices were RR interval: the time between successive R‐waves in ECG; SDNN: standard deviation of normal RR intervals, a measure of the total variability of heart rate; and RMSSD: square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR intervals, estimates parasympathetic drive of autonomic nervous system .…”

“…Artefacts and arrhythmic cardiac beats were automatically detected by software and were eliminated . The time domain indices were RR interval: the time between successive R‐waves in ECG; SDNN: standard deviation of normal RR intervals, a measure of the total variability of heart rate; and RMSSD: square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR intervals, estimates parasympathetic drive of autonomic nervous system . Nonlinear measures of HRV provide information on the structure or complexity of the RR time series and were assessed using Poincaré plot.…”

“…The Poincaré plot shows the correlation between consecutive RR intervals ( x ‐axis: RR [n]: y ‐axis: RR [n + 1]). The standard deviation of the points perpendicular to the line of identity (SD1) and the standard deviation along with the line of identity (SD2) are estimated . Fast‐Fourier transformation technique was used for power spectral analysis of HRV.…”

“…Fast‐Fourier transformation technique was used for power spectral analysis of HRV. Frequency bands defined for spectral analysis were LF (ms²), band from 0.2 to 0.75 Hz, and HF (ms²), band from 0.75 to 2.5 Hz. The normalized values of LF (LF [n.u]) and HF (HF [n.u]) and also the LF to HF ratio (LF/HF), which is the ratio of LF (n.u.)…”

Cardioprotective Effects of HuoxueAnshen Recipe against Myocardial Injuries Induced by Sleep Deprivation in Rats

“…However, there is little research on hormone, inflammation, and apoptosis in the compound model of SD and myocardial I/R injury. Since experimental SD using platform method is an appropriate model for evaluation of cardiovascular complications of SD [12], we build compound model of SD and myocardial I/R injury using multiple platform method and coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion method.…”