Does exercise induce hypoalgesia through conditioned pain modulation?

Ellingson, Laura D.; Koltyn, Kelli F.; Kim, Jee‐Seon; Cook, Dane B.

doi:10.1111/psyp.12168

Cited by 99 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…48 Ellingson and colleagues recently tested this hypothesis by examining EIH via painful exercise, nonpainful exercise, and quit rest. 6 The results suggested that while exercise-induced muscle pain may contribute to the magnitude of pain reduction following acute exercise, CPM is likely not the primary mechanism of EIH. Lemely et al tested whether CPM predicts isometric EIH in healthy older and younger adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Reduced Modulation of Pain in Older Adults After Isometric and Aerobic Exercise

Naugle

Riley

2016

The Journal of Pain

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Laboratory based studies show that acute aerobic and isometric exercise reduces sensitivity to painful stimuli in young healthy individuals, indicative of a hypoalgesic response. However, little is known regarding the effect of aging on exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). The purpose of this study was to examine age differences in EIH following submaximal isometric exercise, and moderate and vigorous aerobic exercise. Healthy older and younger adults completed one training session and four testing sessions consisting of either a submaximal isometric handgrip exercise, vigorous or moderate intensity stationary cycling, or quiet rest (control). The following measures were taken pre and post exercise/quiet rest: 1) pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), 2) suprathreshold pressure pain ratings, 3) pain ratings during 30-s of prolonged noxious heat stimulation, and 3) temporal summation of heat pain. The results revealed age differences in EIH following isometric and aerobic exercise, with younger adults experiencing greater EIH compared to older adults. The age differences in EIH varied across pain induction techniques and exercise type. These results provide evidence for abnormal pain modulation following acute exercise in older adults. PERSPECTIVE This article enhances our understanding of the influence of a single bout of exercise on pain sensitivity and perception in healthy older compared to younger adults. This knowledge could potentially help clinicians optimize exercise as a method of pain management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Reduced Modulation of Pain in Older Adults After Isometric and Aerobic Exercise

Naugle

Riley

2016

The Journal of Pain

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“…11,19 For example, we have previously shown the magnitude of EIH is related to sedentary behavior across weight status. 4 Future pediatric research is necessary to evaluate other multi-factorial mechanisms such as psychosocial factors as well as specific pain conditions in a variety of ages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Exercise Decrease Pain via Conditioned Pain Modulation in Adolescents?

Stolzman

Bement

2016

Pediatric Physical Therapy

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Purpose Pain relief after exercise, exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH), is established across the lifespan. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM: pain inhibits pain) may be a mechanism for EIH. Methods In 55 adolescents, pressure pain thresholds were measured before and after exercise (deltoid, quadriceps, and nail bed) and during CPM at the nail bed and deltoid test stimulus sites. The relation between EIH and CPM was explored. Results EIH occurred at deltoid and quadriceps; CPM occurred at nail bed and deltoid. CPM and EIH correlated at deltoid; adolescents with greater CPM experienced greater pain relief after exercise. At this site, CPM predicted 5.4% of EIH. Arm lean mass did not add a significant effect. Peak exercise pain did not influence EIH. Adolescents with none, minimal, moderate, or severe peak exercise pain experienced similar EIH. Conclusions A potential relation exists between CPM and EIH in adolescents. Pediatric physical therapists should consider the CPM response when prescribing exercise as a pain management tool.

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“…23 Ellingson et al 68 reported a greater hypoalgesic response in 16 pain-free women after painful aerobic exercise compared with nonpainful aerobic exercise, supporting the link between CPM and EIH. The relation between CPM and EIH could indicate similar mechanisms underlying the hypoalgesic response; however, the relation was weak and hypoalgesia has also been observed after nonpainful aerobic exercise, 68 indicating that CPM may work as an additive effect after painful exercise. Pain during exercise was not assessed in the current study to confirm this.…”

Section: Cpmmentioning

confidence: 96%