Does economic freedom boost growth for everyone?

Bergh, Andreas; Bjørnskov, Christian

doi:10.1111/kykl.12262

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…One dimension of institutional quality is the degree of economic freedom. Recently, it has been showed that economic freedom not only raises productivity on average but does so for all income classes and thus is desirable also from a perspective of equality (Bergh & Bjørnskov, 2021, p. 183). More closely related to our issue of citizenship are, for example, Shachar (2009, pp.…”

Section: The Citizenship As Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

A market for citizenships: Should citizenship be commodified?

Bengtsson

2023

Kyklos

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Starting from the assumption that citizenship is property that would be more valuable if it were transferable, the paper explores the idea of commodification of citizenship. The paper provides arguments in favor of commodification and recommendations to how the market for citizenships should be designed. A market for citizenships could result in an improved matching between employer and employee when citizens swap citizenship with each other. Successful States could issue new citizenships and thus make it possible for a greater share of the world population to live and work within the countries with the best institutions. The combined effect would be a higher global productivity. Additionally, market prices on citizenships would provide information on institutional quality and thus provide politicians with information on voters' preferences as well as voters with information on the quality of the work of the government. The market value of a tradable citizenship is also found to be a candidate as tax base for a redistributive tax on a global level that could address some of the inherent inequality with birthright citizenships. Those potential benefits aside, several problems with a market for citizenship are also found and discussed, among those the age‐dependent value of citizenships.

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Section: The Citizenship As Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

A market for citizenships: Should citizenship be commodified?

Bengtsson

2023

Kyklos

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“…For example, Berggren (1999) showed that EF lessens inequality in 66 countries in the period 1975–1985 by increasing the income share of held by the lowest quintile, and reducing that by the highest one. Although the growth effects are largest for the poorest and richest quintiles, EF affects all parts of the income distribution equally (Bergh and Bjornskov, 2021). Likewise, Scully (2002) found a beneficial effect of EF on income equality and economic growth, and there is a small trade‐off between growth and income inequality for a sample of 26 developed countries over the period 1975–1990.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multidimensional free market and income inequality in developing Asia: How does the quality of governance matter?

Huynh

2023

Int Social Sci J

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This paper empirically examines how a free market, a governance quality (GQ) and their interaction simultaneously affect income inequality in 23 Asian developing countries over the period 2000–2019. Especially, different dimensions of a free market proxied by various components of economic freedom (EF) are analysed. Results show that the overall EF and three of its components, including labour freedom, trade freedom and investment freedom, reduce income inequality; but other components, including business freedom (BF), monetary freedom (MF) and financial freedom (FF), widen income inequality. Meanwhile, the GQ not only decreases income inequality but also intensifies the beneficial impacts of the overall EF and those respective components of EF on income equality. Notably, at certain thresholds of GQ, the detrimental impacts of BF, MF and FF on income equality turn into the advantageous ones. The findings consolidate the appropriate combination of free market with specific dimensions and the GQ in boosting the equality of income distribution in Asian developing countries.

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“…One detailed study (Compton et al, 2014) looking solely at the impact of increasing economic freedom on income growth across American quintiles between 1981 and 2004 confirmed that the majority of people indeed benefited but warned that the positive effect was strongest at the top (see also Ashby and Sobel, 2008). Another recent study employing global data for the period between 1975 and 2015 finds that, holding all else constant, increases in economic freedom resulted in no differences in income growth across all five quintiles (Bergh and Bjørnskov, 2021). As the authors put it, ‘our findings clearly suggest that the consequences of reforms that increase economic freedom will boost medium-run growth for all five income quintiles.…”

Section: Measuring Neoliberalism’s Impact Through Indexes Of Economic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

What is neoliberalism really? A global analysis of its real-world consequences for development, inequality, and democracy

Rutar

2023

Social Science Information

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The notion that the world has been witnessing a profound neoliberal transformation since around the 1980s onward is widely accepted in many parts of social science and the humanities. Moreover, the overarching impression is that this transformation has mostly been regrettable in economic, political, and other social terms. At the same time, careful interdisciplinary research recently uncovered that neoliberalism has been notoriously hard to define. Based on that research, this article first clarifies the conceptual confusion surrounding neoliberalism and presents a broad, synthetic institutions-based working definition of it that captures its typical contemporary usages. The article then asks if a systematic empirical assessment of neoliberalism’s social impact over the past decades across the world is even possible. It suggests it is by empirically operationalizing neoliberalism in three distinct, yet potentially overlapping, ways that appear in the literature: first, as a broad set of economic institutions measured by economic freedom indexes; second, as the process of international trade liberalization (itself proxied by import shocks); and third, as shock-therapy type institutional reforms in (parts of) post-communist Europe. Synthesizing the findings of the existing vast research literature, the main conclusion of the article is that neoliberalism’s social impact has been more nuanced than suggested by prevailing discourse.

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Does economic freedom boost growth for everyone?

Cited by 24 publications

References 88 publications

A market for citizenships: Should citizenship be commodified?

A market for citizenships: Should citizenship be commodified?

A multidimensional free market and income inequality in developing Asia: How does the quality of governance matter?

What is neoliberalism really? A global analysis of its real-world consequences for development, inequality, and democracy

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