Does Early Embryogenesis in Eudicots and Monocots Involve the Same Mechanism and Molecular Players?

Zhao, Peng; Begcy, Kevin; Dresselhaus, Thomas; Sun, Mingwei

doi:10.1104/pp.16.01406

Cited by 64 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…To understand ZGA, the transcriptomes of zygotes and egg and sperm cells are usually analyzed to identify novel transcripts (Zhao et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2017). The comparison of these transcripts between eudicots and monocots has led to the identification of conserved genes during ZGA (for review, see Zhao et al, 2017). However, it is still challenging to understand why some transcripts differ during ZGA among different species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in mitochondrial DNA levels during early embryogenesis in Torenia fournieri and Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2018

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Changes in the amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have never been investigated in plant zygotes or early plant embryos due to the difficulty in isolating these cells, although such changes have been investigated in mammalian embryos. Using the single-cell quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and laser confocal microscopy, we surveyed the changes in mtDNA levels during early embryogenesis in Torenia fournieri and Arabidopsis thaliana. In contrast with the amount of mtDNA in early mammalian embryos, which does not change, we found that mtDNA doubling occurred during zygotic development in T. fournieri and during two-cell proembryo development in A. thaliana. These findings reveal that mtDNA doubling occurs during early embryogenesis in T. fournieri and A. thaliana, indicating that the dynamics of mtDNA in early plant embryos differs from that in early mammalian embryos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in mitochondrial DNA levels during early embryogenesis in Torenia fournieri and Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2018

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“…Instead, this gene was expressed much later during seed development in the endosperm (Maize eFP Browser at bar.utoronto.ca). This finding indicates that pattern formation regulated by ZmWOX2A and other genes likely occurs later in maize embryogenesis than in Arabidopsis embryogenesis (Zhao et al, 2017). Notably, ZmWOX13A is the only WOX gene that was transcribed at high levels in sperm cells (SP versus all: log 2 FC > 4.3*); whether it marks cell identity of the male gamete or represents a zygote activator remains to be investigated.…”

Section: Activation Of Embryo Patterningmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…While the small, cytoplasm-rich apical daughter cell further develops into the embryo proper, the highly vacuolated basal cell gives rise to the suspensor, which delivers nutrients to the embryo and positions the embryo proper in the surrounding endosperm tissue of the developing seed. Little is known about the establishment of zygote polarity and the gene regulatory network that leads to asymmetric cell division and cell fate determination in both daughter cells (Zhao et al, 2017). Due to the unequal distribution of their cytoplasm, it is generally thought that maternal factors contributed by the egg regulate zygote and early embryo development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the zygote is thought to be in a relatively quiescent transcriptional state, and ZGA is thought to occur gradually rather than as an all-or-none process initiated before the first division (Baroux and Grossniklaus, 2015;Zhao and Sun, 2015). However, analyses of a few candidate genes have indicated that ZGA in flowering plants occurs before zygotic division (Zhao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zygotic Genome Activation Occurs Shortly after Fertilization in Maize

et al. 2017

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The formation of a zygote via the fusion of an egg and sperm cell and its subsequent asymmetric division herald the start of the plant's life cycle. Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is thought to occur gradually, with the initial steps of zygote and embryo development being primarily maternally controlled, and subsequent steps being governed by the zygotic genome. Here, using maize (Zea mays) as a model plant system, we determined the timing of zygote development and generated RNA-seq transcriptome profiles of gametes, zygotes, and apical and basal daughter cells. ZGA occurs shortly after fertilization and involves ;10% of the genome being activated in a highly dynamic pattern. In particular, genes encoding transcriptional regulators of various families are activated shortly after fertilization. Further analyses suggested that chromatin assembly is strongly modified after fertilization, that the egg cell is primed to activate the translational machinery, and that hormones likely play a minor role in the initial steps of early embryo development in maize. Our findings provide important insights into gamete and zygote activity in plants, and our RNA-seq transcriptome profiles represent a comprehensive, unique RNA-seq data set that can be used by the research community.

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“…By comparing eudicot and monocot model plants, Zhao et al (2017) provide an Update on recent advances and open questions on gene regulatory networks during zygote development, parental influences on early embryogenesis, zygotic genome activation, and cell fate determination. Gehring and Satyaki (2017) discuss recent advances of imprinting research, which is especially linked to endosperm development.…”

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confidence: 99%