Does dyeing practice need dyeing theory?

Abstract

It has been indicated that much of the practical data for dyeing processes available has never been exploited by the dye application industry, although dye research and development programmes have often identified targets with successful outcomes. Products and processes originated by dye makers have had a major impact on the success of practical dyeing, resulting in improved reproducibility and right-first-time processing. Dyeing theory research has consumed substantial resources invested by dye makers and academic institutions, but many of these studies have failed to yield useful data that could be applied directly in practical dyeing systems. The generation of detailed standard operating procedures has provided the conditions for achieving effective control over the practical dyeing process, an objective that was once thought to be attainable eventually by the refinement of dyeing theories.

Evolution of right‐first‐time dyeing production

“…In circulating-fabric machines, automation can also be developed but total robotisation has proved difficult because of the need to load and unload fabric manually, although some elements such as anti-tangle monitors are available. Park and Shore [83] have discussed the application of dyeing theory in practical applications to obtain improvements in productivity and levelness by controlling liquor or material circulation. Optimised dyeing techniques have also been developed and the Optidye programs (DyStar) [83] have been extended to include dye selection, computer colour matching and optimum processing conditions, allowing for fibre type, dyes selected and machinery used.…”

“…Park and Shore [83] have discussed the application of dyeing theory in practical applications to obtain improvements in productivity and levelness by controlling liquor or material circulation. Optimised dyeing techniques have also been developed and the Optidye programs (DyStar) [83] have been extended to include dye selection, computer colour matching and optimum processing conditions, allowing for fibre type, dyes selected and machinery used. The modern concept of controlled coloration depends on implementing all the aspects of the original RFT philosophy and is achieved through a combination of management, dye and application technologies [84].…”

The Influence of Hydrophobicity Factor on Wool Fibre Dyeing With Anionic Dye

“…Early workers studying the uptake of dyes by wool were mainly interested in the thermodynamics of the dyeing process [1,2]. Those approaches, which treated the wool fibre as a cylinder of uniform composition, were largely concerned with the application of situation when dyebath equilibrium had been attained.…”

“…Over the past four decades there has been a growing recognition of the importance of the diverse morphological structure of wool in determining its dyeing behaviour. When a textile substrate is dyed by an exhaustion method, the dyeing operation proceeds in the stages [1,2]:…”

“…Although detailed knowledge of dyeing mechanisms has been accumulated over the years, substantial gaps in that knowledge still remain [1].…”