Does dexmedetomidine prevent emergence delirium in children after sevoflurane‐based general anesthesia?

Abstract

The perioperative infusion of 0.2 microg.kg(-1).h(-1) dexmedetomidine decreases the incidence and frequency of ED in children after sevoflurane-based GA without prolonging the time to extubate or discharge.

Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children

“…9 Several prospective clinical trials in children have shown that dexmedetomidine significantly reduces the incidence of EA prior to recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia. [10][11][12][13] Ketamine is an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist used clinically as an anesthetic, sedative, and analgesic in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. It has been reported that ketamine can lower the incidence of postoperative EA, POV, and pain following strabismus surgery when compared with propofol.…”

A Prospective Randomised Control Study to Assess the Efficacy of Intraoperative Dexmed Infusion on Emergence Agitation and Quality of Recovery in Nasal Surgery

“…A P < 0.0125 was considered statistically significant, accounting for a Bonferroni correction in comparison of four groups and a P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant in comparison of experimental groups and control groups. 5,17 The change in the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane, propofol and fentanyl were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA, and post-hoc testing was performed using the turkey and t-test. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between two groups.…”

“…The tube was fixed and then connected to ventilator. Anaesthesia was maintained by N2O:O2 (2:1) and sevoflurane which was titrated to 1 MAC (minimal alveolar concentration) 5,6 14 Mechanical ventilation was maintained with 8 ml/kg tidal volume and ventilation frequency was adjusted to maintain ETCO2 between 30-40 mmHg.…”

Dexmedetomidine for Transport of a Spontaneously Breathing Combative Child

“…Despite the lack of FDA labeling in pediatrics, dexmedetomidine has become a widespread therapeutic option for children in the PICU and operating room settings. 12 Multiple trials have examined dexmedetomidine to sedate mechanically ventilated children, [13][14][15][16] to prevent emergence delirium after general anesthesia, [17][18][19][20] and for both invasive 21,22 and noninvasive [8][9][10][11] procedural sedation.…”