Does competitive swimming affect lung growth?

Bovard, Joshua; Welch, Joseph F.; Houghton, Kristin; McKenzie, Donald C.; Potts, James E.; Sheel, A. William

doi:10.14814/phy2.13816

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Other authors suggest that the lungs of competitive swimmers are characterized by higher lung capacity [18] and diffusion capacities [19,20] in comparison with a healthy control group. Meanwhile, Bovard’s research (2018) results show that competitive swim training does not influence the development of lung size or function [21]. Also, in some studies, it has been shown that IMT benefits were the result of a dose-dependent effect of swim training [22,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Weeks of Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Pulmonary Function in Disabled Swimmers—A Randomized Trial

Okrzymowska

Kurzaj

Seidel

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: According to the literature, inspiratory muscle fatigue may increase after swimming training (ST). This study aimed to examine the efficacy of 8-week inspiratory muscular training (IMT) in disabled swimmers, combined with standard sports training, on selected parameters of lung ventilation and the function of respiratory muscles. Methods: A total of 16 disabled swimming division athletes from Wroclaw’s ‘Start’ Regional Sports Association qualified for the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups (ST and IMT). Both groups participated in swimming training for 8 weeks (8 times a week). The IMT group additionally participated in inspiratory muscle training (8 weeks). In all respondents, a functional lung test and the respiratory muscle strength was measured. Results: After 8 weeks of training, a significant increase in ventilation parameters and respiratory muscle strength was observed only in the IMT group. In ST group 1, a 20% improvement in the strength of inspiratory muscles was achieved. Conclusions: The inclusion of IMT is an important element that complements swimming training, allowing for greater increases in lung ventilation parameters and the strength of respiratory muscles in disabled swimmers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Weeks of Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Pulmonary Function in Disabled Swimmers—A Randomized Trial

Okrzymowska

Kurzaj

Seidel

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…73 Swimmers had a greater total lung capacity and peak expiratory flow rate than controls 74 but these parameters did not improve significantly after the training season. Therefore, 75 the study suggested that competitive swimming did not affect lung growth during 76 puberty and that large lungs of swimmers are inherent rather than induced [19]. 77 So, not only is there an ongoing discussion about the adaptive possibilities of the 78 respiratory organ, but it also remains unclear whether an increased respiratory volume 79 would actually be achieved by wider alveoli or an increased number of alveoli.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adaptation mechanism of the adult zebrafish respiratory organ to endurance training

Messerli

Aaldijk

Haberthür

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In order to study the adaptation scope of the fish respiratory organ and the O 2 metabolism due to endurance training, we subjected adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to endurance exercise for 5 weeks. After the training period, the swimmer group showed a significant increase in swimming performance, body weight and length. In scanning electron microscopy of the gills, the average length of centrally located primary filaments appeared significantly longer in the swimmer than in the non-trained control group (+6.1%, 1639 µm vs. 1545 µm, p=0.00043) and the average number of secondary filaments increased significantly (+7.7%, 49.27 vs. 45.73, p=9e-09). Micro-computed tomography indicated a significant increase in the gill volume (p=0.048) by 11.8% from 0.490 mm 3 to 0.549 mm 3 . The space-filling complexity dropped significantly (p=0.0088) by 8.2% from 38.8% to 35.9%., i.e. making the gills of the swimmers less compact. Respirometry after 5 weeks showed a significantly higher oxygen consumption (+30.4%, p=0.0081) of trained fish during exercise compared to controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed different stages of new secondary filament budding, which happened at the tip of the primary lamellae. Using BrdU we could confirm that the growth of the secondary filaments took place mainly in the distal half and the tip and for primary filaments mainly at the tip. We conclude that the zebrafish respiratory organ -unlike the mammalian lung -has a high plasticity, and after endurance training increases its volume and changes its structure in order to facilitate O 2 uptake. Author summaryAdult zebrafish show an increase of their gill volume after endurance training, likely to adjust for the increased oxygen demand measured with respirometry during swimming.

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“…Swimmers had a greater total lung capacity and peak expiratory flow rate than controls but these parameters did not improve significantly after the training season. Therefore, the study suggested that competitive swimming did not affect lung growth during puberty and that large lungs of swimmers are inherent rather than induced [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Adaptation mechanism of the adult zebrafish respiratory organ to endurance training

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to study the adaptation scope of the fish respiratory organ and the O 2 metabolism due to endurance training, we subjected adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to endurance exercise for 5 weeks. After the training period, the swimmer group showed a significant increase in swimming performance, body weight and length. In scanning electron microscopy of the gills, the average length of centrally located primary filaments appeared significantly longer in the swimmer than in the non-trained control group (+6.1%, 1639 μm vs. 1545 μm, p = 0.00043) and the average number of secondary filaments increased significantly (+7.7%, 49.27 vs. 45.73, p = 9e-09). Micro-computed tomography indicated a significant increase in the gill volume (p = 0.048) by 11.8% from 0.490 mm 3 to 0.549 mm 3. The space-filling complexity dropped significantly (p = 0.0088) by 8.2% from 38.8% to 35.9%., i.e. making the gills of the swimmers less compact. Respirometry after 5 weeks showed a significantly higher oxygen consumption (+30.4%, p = 0.0081) of trained fish during exercise compared to controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed different stages of new secondary filament budding, which happened at the tip of the primary lamellae. Using BrdU we could confirm that the growth of the secondary filaments took place mainly in the distal half and the tip and for primary filaments mainly at the tip. We conclude that the zebrafish respiratory organunlike the mammalian lung-has a high plasticity, and after endurance training increases its volume and changes its structure in order to facilitate O 2 uptake.

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Does competitive swimming affect lung growth?

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Eight Weeks of Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Pulmonary Function in Disabled Swimmers—A Randomized Trial

Eight Weeks of Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Pulmonary Function in Disabled Swimmers—A Randomized Trial

Adaptation mechanism of the adult zebrafish respiratory organ to endurance training

Adaptation mechanism of the adult zebrafish respiratory organ to endurance training

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