Does compassion go viral? Social media, caring, and the Fort McMurray wildfire

Boulianne, Shelley; Minaker, Joanne; Haney, Timothy J.

doi:10.1080/1369118x.2018.1428651

Cited by 53 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For example, Carroll and colleagues [45] found that after the Rodeo-Chediski fire in the U.S., residents helped neighbours by providing shelter and support. In this case, the substantial amount of help provided to evacuees from residents in other communities within RMWB, elsewhere in Alberta, and beyond may be due to the number of people who evacuated, the extensive use of social media and media coverage of this wildfire [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparedness and Experiences of Evacuees from the 2016 Fort McMurray Horse River Wildfire

McGee

2019

Fire

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The 2016 Fort McMurray Horse River Wildfire that caused the evacuation of more than 88,000 residents from the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo (RMWB), Alberta is the largest wildfire evacuation in Canadian history. This paper presents results of an online survey of 447 evacuees in June when some residents had returned to RMWB, and others were still living elsewhere. Results of this online survey show that many survey respondents were not aware of the high wildfire risk leading up to May 3rd and social cues indicated they should carry on as usual. Many respondents received little if any warning time to enable them to prepare. Most respondents had a vehicle, but traffic impediments caused some to run out of gas, food and water on the drive away from Fort McMurray. Most respondents stayed in more than one location, with most staying with friends and family for at least part of the evacuation. Some respondents faced challenges including financial difficulties, finding suitable accommodation, and dealing with insurance, and some received insufficient information. Help was offered to evacuees by a vast array of sources including organizations, businesses, communities, and residents. The results of this study show that most survey respondents were not prepared before they had to leave, which increased reliance on help provided by others.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparedness and Experiences of Evacuees from the 2016 Fort McMurray Horse River Wildfire

McGee

2019

Fire

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“…Crisis points, such as terror attacks, create "information holes" that the public works collaboratively to fill in in real time (Lin, Lachlan, & Spence, 2016, p. 627). Such practices resonate more broadly with developments in which social media has come to be an important tool for disaster and crisis management among civilians as well as governments (Boulianne, Minaker, & Haney, 2018;Liu, Fraustino, & Jin, 2016;Murthy & Gross, 2017;Yates & Paquette, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Continued Contexts of Terror: Analyzing Temporal Patterns of Hashtag Co-Occurrence as Discursive Articulations

Krutrök

Lindgren

2018

Social Media + Society

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This study looks at how terror attacks are rendered discursively meaningful on social media through the concurrent use and reiteration of terror hashtags, which were created following previous incidents of terror. The article focuses on 12 terror attacks in Europe in 2015-2017 and their relating hashtags on Twitter, to see how various combinations of these were reused and co-articulated in tweets posted in relation to subsequent attacks. Through social network analysis of co-occurring hashtags in about 3 million tweets, in combination with close readings of a smaller sample, this study aims to analyze both the networks of hashtags in relation to terror attacks as well as the discursive process of hashtag co-articulation. The study shows that the patterns by which attack hashtags are reused and co-articulated depend on both temporal and contextual differences.

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“…Finally, social media could be used to increase social capital among community members after a disaster [78,79]. Social media platforms could assist recovering populations in developing a sense of community [80] and in turn manage their own recovery processes.…”

Section: Social Media For Post-disaster Relationship Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Social media could help journalists mediate recovery-focused discussions between affected communities and emergency managers [35]. • Social media could also assist in developing a sense of community and increase members' ability to manage their own recovery processes after a disaster event [78][79][80][81]. Additionally, unconventional stakeholders could become prominent disaster recovery actors with the help of social media [82].…”

Section: Summary Of Findings On the Use Of Social Media For Disaster mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• To motivate members of the public to participate in response and relief efforts (e.g., volunteering), social media content strategies should focus on messages that illustrate care, concern, and invitations to help-since research has shown that these types of posts become popular online and that they are related to participation [78]. • Social media resonates with disaster-affected publics [79].…”

Section: Post-disaster Mental Health and Copingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of social media use during disaster response and recovery phases

Young¹,

Kuligowski²,

Pradhan³

2020

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Under the National Construction Safety Team Act, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigated the May 22, 2011 tornado in Joplin, Missouri. The investigation was an effort to characterize (1) the wind environment and technical conditions associated with fatalities and injuries, (2) the performance of emergency communications systems and the public response to such communications, and (3) the performance of residential, commercial, and critical buildings, designated safe areas in buildings as well as lifelines. The final report of the investigation concluded with a list of sixteen recommendations, including but not limited to recommendations for action on emergency communications. Specifically, NIST recommended "the development of national codes and standards and uniform guidance for clear, consistent, recognizable, and accurate emergency communications, encompassing alerts and warnings, to enable safe, effective, and timely responses" [1, p.367]. This Technical Note is the third installment in the NIST effort to develop evidence-based guidance on the creation and provision of public alerts. The first publication in this series, "Outdoor Siren Systems: A review of technology, usage, and public response during emergencies," provided both an outline on the current status of outdoor siren systems in the U.S., as well as a literature review of how people respond to these systems [2]. The second Technical Note, "A review of public response to short message alerts under imminent threats," focused on short message alerts, underscoring best practices as well as strategies geared towards improving message design and delivery, based on the methods by which people receive and process these types of alerts [3]. In this publication, first we present an overview of current popular social media platforms and the capabilities that they feature, as well as their potential applications for emergency management. That is followed by an outline of social media use for disaster response and recovery research findings, organized by themes. The response themes relate to: 1) the use of these tools for formal emergency management, 2) innovative social media applications for disaster response, and 3) how the general public uses these platforms. The recovery themes involve: 1) social media during recovery for mental health, 2) recovery assessment, and 3) relationship development post-event. The research findings are followed by the limitations and practical considerations for emergency managers, as well as future research suggestions.

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Does compassion go viral? Social media, caring, and the Fort McMurray wildfire

Cited by 53 publications

References 35 publications

Preparedness and Experiences of Evacuees from the 2016 Fort McMurray Horse River Wildfire

Preparedness and Experiences of Evacuees from the 2016 Fort McMurray Horse River Wildfire

Continued Contexts of Terror: Analyzing Temporal Patterns of Hashtag Co-Occurrence as Discursive Articulations

A review of social media use during disaster response and recovery phases

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