Does chloramphenicol remain the drug of choice for typhoid?

Rowe, B.; Threlfall, E. J.; Ward, L. R.

doi:10.1017/s0950268800062142

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the basis of these findings, in 1987 it was recommended that in the United Kingdom chloramphenicol should remain the first-line drug for treatment of typhoid fever and, in particular, that it should be used until the results of laboratory susceptibility tests are known [25]. In the succeeding 4-year period (1986-1989), the isolation of chloramphenicol-resistant S. typhi from patients in the United Kingdom increased slightly, from 0.25% to 1.5% [26], but the increase was not considered sufficient to justify altering the recommendation made in 1987.…”

Section: Drug Resistance In British Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhi: A Worldwide Epidemic

Rowe¹,

Ward²,

Threlfall³

1997

Clinical Infectious Diseases

339

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since 1989, strains of Salmonella typhi resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim (i.e., multidrug-resistant [MDR] strains) have been responsible for numerous outbreaks in countries in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and Africa. MDR strains have also been isolated with increasing frequency from immigrant workers in countries in the Arabian Gulf, as well as in developed countries from returning travelers. In all MDR strains so far examined, multiple resistance has been encoded by plasmids of the H 1 incompatibility group. As a result of the widespread dissemination of such strains, chloramphenicol can no longer be regarded as the first-line drug for typhoid fever. Because strains are also resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim, the efficacy of these antibiotics has also been impaired, and ciprofloxacin is now the drug of choice for typhoid fever. Chromosomally encoded resistance to ciprofloxacin has now been observed in a small number of strains isolated in the United Kingdom from patients returning from the Indian subcontinent, and in at least one case the patient did not respond to treatment with this antibiotic. It is regrettable that resistance to ciprofloxacin has now emerged in MDR S. typhi, and it is of paramount importance to limit the unnecessary use of this vital drug so that its efficacy should not be further jeopardized.

show abstract

Section: Drug Resistance In British Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhi: A Worldwide Epidemic

Rowe¹,

Ward²,

Threlfall³

1997

Clinical Infectious Diseases

339

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Until a few years ago, drug-resistant Sal. typhi were uncommon in the UK and USA [11], Rowe et al [12] found drug resistance in only 11 (0.47%) of the 2,356 strains of Sal. typhi iso lated in the UK during 1978-1985, with clini cally significant resistance to chlorampheni col in only 6 strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Activity of Sparfloxacin against Salmonella typhi

Qadri

Ueno²,

Almodovar³

1997

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Comparative in vitro activity of sparfloxacin was determined by the broth dilution method against 104 clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi. All of the isolates were inhibited by ≤ 0.12 mg/l of this fluoroquinolone. Its inhibitory activity was slightly superior or comparable to that of other fluoroquinolones tested, namely ciprofloxain and norfloxain, and significantly greater than the conventional drugs, such as amikacin, ampicillin, Augmentin, ceftazidime, clindamycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, used in the treatment of typhoid fever.

show abstract

“…Until 5 years ago, drug-resistant S. typhi were uncommon in the UK and USA [11], Rowe et al [12] studied 2,356 strains of S. typhi isolated in the UK during 1978-1985 and found drug resistance in only 11 (0.47%) strains, with only 6 strains showing clinically significant resistance to chloramphenicol. However, recently drug resistance, especially in developing countries, has become a major problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Anti-Salmonella</i>Activity of CP-99,219, a Novel Azabicyclo-Naphthridone Fluoroquinolone

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The antimicrobial activity of CP-99,219 was determined by the broth dilution method against 67 clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi. Ninety-one percent of the isolates were inhibited by < 0.12 mg/l of this quinolone, and all the 67 by 2.0 mg/l. Its inhibitory activity was slightly superior to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin and significantly greater than ampicillin, augmentin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.

show abstract

Does chloramphenicol remain the drug of choice for typhoid?

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhi: A Worldwide Epidemic

Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhi: A Worldwide Epidemic

In vitro Activity of Sparfloxacin against Salmonella typhi

<i>Anti-Salmonella</i>Activity of CP-99,219, a Novel Azabicyclo-Naphthridone Fluoroquinolone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About