Does bryozoan colonization alter the biochemical composition of <i>Saccharina japonica</i> affecting food safety and quality?

Getachew, Paulos; Kang, Ji-Young; Choi, Jae‐Suk; Hong, Yong‐Ki

doi:10.1515/bot-2015-0007

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(21 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sharp increase in protein content to almost 20% of DW at two locations in our study (2-60°N and 6-63°N) from June onwards was probably due to fouled biomass, the protein originating from epibionts and not from the kelp itself. M. membranacea, the main fouling epibiont at these locations, has a high protein content (> 15% of DW on cultivated Saccharina japonica, Getachew et al 2015). It has also been suggested that a higher protein content found in kelp at deeper waters is a result of reduced light exposure (Cronin and Hay 1996;Ak and Yücesan 2012;Sharma et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Latitudinal, seasonal and depth-dependent variation in growth, chemical composition and biofouling of cultivated Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) along the Norwegian coast

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Norwegian coastline covers more than 10°in latitude and provides a range in abiotic and biotic conditions for seaweed farming. In this study, we compared the effects of cultivation depth and season on the increase in biomass (frond length and biomass yield), chemical composition (protein, tissue nitrogen, intracellular nitrate and ash content) and biofouling (total cover and species composition) of cultivated Saccharina latissima at nine locations along a latitudinal gradient from 58 to 69°N. The effects of light and temperature on frond length and biofouling were evaluated along with their relevance for selecting optimal cultivation sites. Growth was greater at 1-2 m than at 8-9 m depth and showed large differences among locations, mainly in relation to local salinity levels. Maximum frond lengths varied between 15 and 100 cm, and maximum biomass yields between 0.2 and 14 kg m −2. Timing of maximum frond length and biomass yield varied with latitude, peaking 5 and 8 weeks later in the northern location (69°N) than in the central (63°N) and southern (58°N) locations, respectively. The nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor (averaged across all locations and depths) was 3.8, while protein content varied from 22 to 109 mg g −1 DW, with seasonality and latitude having the largest effect. The onset of biofouling also followed a latitudinal pattern, with a delayed onset in northern locations and at freshwater-influenced sites. The dominant epibiont was the bryozoan Membranipora membranacea. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of S. latissima cultivation along a wide latitudinal gradient in North Atlantic waters and underscore the importance of careful site selection for seaweed aquaculture.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Latitudinal, seasonal and depth-dependent variation in growth, chemical composition and biofouling of cultivated Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) along the Norwegian coast

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The differences between faunal assemblage composition of frond samples from different months and years for the seeded treatments and high and low density treatments for the artificial samples were compared using multivariate tests. A Simpson's dissimilarity matrix was generated from the presence/ absence data for the 6 seeded sampling dates (April, May andJune, 2014 and2015) and the 2 artificial treatments separately using the PopTools (Hood 2014) add-on in Excel. Simpson's dissimilarity has the advantage that it only measures the turnover of species and is not affected by changes in species rich ness between samples (Baselga 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosynthesis can be decreased as fouling organisms can create a barrier to nutrient uptake (Hurd et al 2000), can block the surface area of the frond (Hepburn et al 2006) and restrict light availability (Cancino et al 1987). In addition, heavily fouled fronds have a lower market value as they are considered to be unsuitable for human consumption due to a degradation of taste and quality (Park & Hwang 2012, Peteiro & Freire 2013b, Getachew et al 2015. Lower-value fronds are instead used for animal feed (Bruton et al 2009) and severely fouled fronds are discarded (Peteiro & Freire 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successional changes of epibiont fouling communities of the cultivated kelp Alaria esculenta: predictability and influences

Walls¹,

Edwards²,

Firth³

et al. 2017

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There has been an increase in commercial-scale kelp cultivation in Europe, with fouling of cultivated kelp fronds presenting a major challenge to the growth and development of the industry. The presence of epibionts decreases productivity and impacts the commercial value of the crop. Several abiotic and biotic factors may influence the occurrence and degree of fouling of wild and cultivated fronds. Using a commercial kelp farm on the SW coast of Ireland, we studied the development of fouling communities on cultivated Alaria esculenta fronds over 2 typical growing seasons. The predictability of community development was assessed by comparing mean occurrence-day. Hypotheses that depth, kelp biomass, position within the farm and the hydrodynamic environment affect the fouling communities were tested using species richness and community composition. Artificial kelp mimics were used to test whether local frond density could affect the fouling communities. Species richness increased over time during both years, and species composition was consistent over years with early successional communities converging into later communities (no significant differences between June 2014 and June 2015 communities, ANOSIM; R = −0.184, p > 0.05). The timing of species occurrences was predictable across years for all shared species. Variations in biomass, depth and position within the farm had no significant effect on species richness and composition. Results from artificial kelp mimics suggest possible hydrodynamic effects. The ability to understand succession and the timing of occurrences of fouling organisms and predict their arrival has significant benefits for the seaweed cultivation industry.

show abstract

“…Biofouling is one of the major challenges and constraints in the development and growth of the seaweed aquaculture sector (Getachew et al 2015;Lüning and Mortensen 2015;Stévant et al 2017;Bannister et al 2019). Effects of biofouling include the loss of commercial value (Park and Hwang 2012), decrease in productivity due to breaking fronds (Dixon et al 1981;Krumhansl et al 2011), and reduced growth due to limited nutrient uptake (Hurd et al 2000) and restricted light availability (Cancino et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and biofouling in kelp aquaculture (Saccharina latissima): the effect of location and wave exposure

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seaweed aquaculture is receiving increasing attention for food and non-food applications in Europe, where it is still an emerging industry. The cultivation of seaweeds in the sea is attractive as it does not compete with agricultural crops for land and freshwater, whilst generating high yearly biomass yield. The selection of suitable cultivation sites in coastal waters is essential for the sustainable establishment and further development of seaweed aquaculture in Europe. Here, we investigate the effects of wave exposure and geographic location on growth and biofouling of kelp (Saccharina latissima), using a transplantation experiment along the Swedish west coast. Biofouling of kelp decreased with increased wave exposure, from 10 and 6% coverage at sheltered and moderately exposed locations, respectively, to 3% at exposed locations. Growth, measured as blade surface area, generally increased with decreased wave exposure, with approximately 40% less growth at exposed locations compared to sheltered or moderately exposed location. We identified that there is large spatial variation in growth and fouling of the seaweed biomass at the selected farm sites, with significant differences from the km-scale to the m-scale. In addition, exposure level affected the tissue composition, with a high carbon, but low nitrogen and water content at exposed locations compared to moderate and sheltered sites. Isotope signatures (i.e. δ13C and δ15N) also differed between exposure levels. Together, these results indicate that wave exposure is an important factor to consider in site selection for both yield as well as quality of the seaweed biomass for future kelp farms.

show abstract

Does bryozoan colonization alter the biochemical composition of Saccharina japonica affecting food safety and quality?

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Latitudinal, seasonal and depth-dependent variation in growth, chemical composition and biofouling of cultivated Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) along the Norwegian coast

Latitudinal, seasonal and depth-dependent variation in growth, chemical composition and biofouling of cultivated Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) along the Norwegian coast

Successional changes of epibiont fouling communities of the cultivated kelp Alaria esculenta: predictability and influences

Growth and biofouling in kelp aquaculture (Saccharina latissima): the effect of location and wave exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About