“…The other spectroscopic characterizations of the catechol complex have been carried out by transient absorption spectroscopy, 54,62 uorescence quenching, [63][64][65] Raman spectroscopy 55 and electron paramagnetic resonance. Other phenolic compounds that were reported to form the LMCT complexes include resorcinol and quinol, 59 pyrogallol and gallic acid, 67 salicylic acid, 58 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 68-70 dopamine, 50,51,58,71 alizarin, methylcatechol and t-butylcatechol, 50 fullerol, 72 sulfocalixarene, 73 calixarene, 74 1,1binaphthalene-2,2-diol, 75 C 11 -resorcinarene 76 and 8-hydroxyquinoline. 30 The substituting groups attached on the benzene ring (e.g., -Cl, -NH 2 , -OH, -COOH, -CH 3 , and -C(CH 3 ) 3 ) vary in their electron donating (or withdrawing) properties and sensitively inuence the optical absorption and charge transfer efficiency.…”