Does allometry of a sexually selected ornamental trait vary with sexual selection intensity? A multi‐species test in damselflies

Outomuro, David; Rivera, Adolfo Cordero; Nava-Bolaños, Ángela; Córdoba‐Aguilar, Alex

doi:10.1111/een.12098

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…), co‐option of signals for courtship may lead to exaggeration of the signaling structure in speciose clades, although little empirical data exist on whether dual‐utility traits reach larger sizes than do pure ornaments or pure armaments (Outomuro et al. ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Not only does the preexisting trait hypothesis predict that male-male aggressive displays will predate displays for courtship (Berglund et al 1996), but as female choice becomes important in mate selection, this may lead to accelerated evolution of ornament size (Andersson 1994;Emlen 2008). As increases in ornamentation are known to be associated with speciation (Gomes et al 2016), co-option of signals for courtship may lead to exaggeration of the signaling structure in speciose clades, although little empirical data exist on whether dual-utility traits reach larger sizes than do pure ornaments or pure armaments (Outomuro et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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In love and war: The morphometric and phylogenetic basis of ornamentation, and the evolution of male display behavior, in the livebearer genus Poecilia

et al. 2019

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Exaggerated male traits under sexual selection are often used for both competition and courtship, raising the question of whether ornaments evolved simultaneously for both functions, or if use in one context preceded use in another. Here, we apply a phylogenetic approach to study the evolution of ornamental dorsal fins in male poeciliid fish of the subgenera Mollienesia and Limia, which exhibit convergent development of an enlarged dorsal fin, and often direct erect‐fin displays to male and female conspecifics. Unlike prior categorical assessments of poeciliid adornments, we measure dorsal fin exaggeration with a continuous index of ornamentation. Phylogenetic logistic and generalized least squares regression analyses indicate that high index values are significantly associated with the use of two component postures of courtship and aggressive displays, dorsal fin erection and body curvature, but not with the presence of sexual dichromatism. Male displays initially evolved for male–male aggression in the common ancestor of Mollienesia and Limia, suggesting that this signal originated for competition, then became co‐opted for courtship. These results support the armament‐ornament hypothesis for evolution of exaggerated male traits, and are consistent with an evolutionary shift in the predominant mechanisms of sexual selection from intra‐ to intersexual.

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In love and war: The morphometric and phylogenetic basis of ornamentation, and the evolution of male display behavior, in the livebearer genus Poecilia

et al. 2019

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“…We measured morphological variables from the derived image using imagej (NIH, Bethesda, Maryland) (Abràmoff et al, 2004): red and black wing spot area and right forewing area as a proxy of body size. Wing area is confirmed to be a good indicator of body size and is highly correlated with total length (Hardersen, 2010;Sacchi & Hardersen, 2012;Outomuro et al, 2014;Bello-Bedoy et al, 2015). Additionally, we measured the morphometric variables of 15 randomly chosen individuals twice and estimated measurement error (Bailey & Byrnes, 1990).…”

Section: Measurement Of Morphological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Males of this family usually present a conspicuous wing spot whose colour can be, in general, red or black, depending on the species (Córdoba-Aguilar & Cordero-Rivera, 2005;Svensson & Waller, 2013). More remarkable than colour, in some genera of the Calopterygidae family, such as Calopteryx, Hetaerina and Mnais, spot size shows large inter-and intraspecific variation (Hooper et al, 1999;Anderson, & Grether 2010a, b;Outomuro et al, 2014;Drury et al, 2015a), with very consistent hyper-allometric patterns (Outomuro et al, 2014) for which size is positively related to mating success (Córdoba-Aguilar & Cordero-Rivera, 2005;Córdoba-Aguilar & González-Tokman, 2014). Different sources indicate that these wing spots are 'honest', condition-dependent traits because individuals with a larger expression of spots survive for longer (Grether, 1997;González-Santoyo et al, 2014) and respond more strongly to immune challenges (Siva-Jothy, 2000;Rantala et al, 2000;Koskimäki et al, 2004;Contreras-Garduño et al, 2006, 2007 and diet stress (Álvarez et al, 2013) than males with smaller wing spots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological condition and wing pigmentation expression in a damselfly with seasonal polyphenism

2017

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Secondary sexual traits can be indicators of individual condition that may present seasonal polyphenism as a result of the differential costs of expression along the season. Wing spots in male damselflies of the Calopterygidae family are secondary sexual traits associated with intrasexual competition and mate choice. Hetaerina titia Drury is a calopterygid damselfly where males show red and black wing spots, contrasting with other species of the genus whose males only express a red wing spot. In the present study, we evaluate the seasonal variation of the expression of male's red and black wing spots and their allometric patterns. Additionally, we measure male condition in the form of proteins, lipids, soluble carbohydrates and glycogen in early and late seasons. Black wing spots present higher variation than red wing spots and males of the late season are more pigmented. Allometry is positive for wing red spot in the early season and for black spot in the late season. Males of the late season present a higher concentration of proteins, soluble carbohydrates and glycogen, although there is no variation in the lipid content. The results of the present study suggest that, in H. titia males, black pigmentation replaces the function of the red pigmentation to signal condition. Both traits, however, may be heavily affected by environmental situations (e.g. food availability).

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“…In fact, Rensch in his original proposition argued that selection on secondary sexual characters was responsible for sexual dimorphism (Rensch, 1960). To the best of our knowledge, most tests of Rensch's rule to date have focused on size dimorphism (but see Outomuro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dichromatism in wing pigmentation of New World dragonflies follows Rensch's rule

Santos

Machado

2016

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Many animal taxa that display sexual size dimorphism (SSD) exhibit a positive allometric relationship in which the degree of dimorphism increases with body size. This macroevolutionary pattern is known as Rensch's rule. Although sexual selection is hypothesized to be the main mechanism causing this pattern, body size is influenced by several selective forces, including natural and sexual selection. Therefore, by focusing exclusively on SSD one cannot ascertain which of these selective forces drives Rensch's rule. If sexual selection is indeed the main mechanism underlying Rensch's rule, we predict that other sexually selected traits, including coloration-based ornaments, will also exhibit interspecific allometric scaling consistent with Rensch's rule. We tested this prediction using wing pigmentation of 89 species of dragonflies. Studies show that male wing pigmentation is generally under strong intra- and intersexual selection, so that sexual dichromatism in this trait should follow Rensch's rule. Conversely, the available evidence suggests that male body size is usually not sexually selected in dragonflies, so we do not expect SSD to follow Rensch's rule. First, we found that sexual dichromatism in wing pigmentation was consistent with Rensch's rule. The phylogenetic major axis regression slope was significantly greater than one. We also showed that the allometric slope for SSD was not different from unity, providing no support for Rensch's rule. Our results provide the first evidence that a trait which appears to be under strong sexual selection exhibits a pattern consistent with Rensch's rule.

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Does allometry of a sexually selected ornamental trait vary with sexual selection intensity? A multi‐species test in damselflies

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

In love and war: The morphometric and phylogenetic basis of ornamentation, and the evolution of male display behavior, in the livebearer genus Poecilia

In love and war: The morphometric and phylogenetic basis of ornamentation, and the evolution of male display behavior, in the livebearer genus Poecilia

Physiological condition and wing pigmentation expression in a damselfly with seasonal polyphenism

Sexual dichromatism in wing pigmentation of New World dragonflies follows Rensch's rule

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