Does aflatoxin as an environmental mycotoxin adversely affect the renal and hepatic functions of Egyptian lactating mothers and their infants? A preliminary report

Hassan, Ahmed M.; Sheashaa, Hussein; Fatah, Mohamed F. Abdel; Ibrahim, Alla Z.; Gaber, Osama

doi:10.1007/s11255-006-0056-8

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In terms of the comparability of the base population, our study cases had profiles for sex, age and rural/urban distribution similar to the cases reported by the Gharbiah Cancer Registry [7]. While our study did not reveal a relationship between aflatoxin exposure and liver cancer risk, previous studies from Egypt had shown a high level of aflatoxin in the food and samples of liver cancer patients [58][59][60][61][62][63]. Future studies should continue to investigate the role of aflatoxin in relation to other risk factors for liver cancer in Egypt.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Epidemiologic risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rural region of Egypt

et al. 2010

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Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide, including Egypt. In the recent past, HCC has become the second most prevalent cancer among men in Egypt. Since HCC has not been well studied in the rural population of Egypt, this case-control study was conducted to investigate the epidemiologic risk factors of HCC in the predominantly rural region of Gharbiah, Egypt. Methods A total of 150 cases and 150 controls matched to cases on age (±5 years) and sex were recruited from the Gharbiah Cancer Society and Tanta Cancer Center. Exposure data were collected by an interviewer-administered standardized questionnaire about epidemiologic, occupational, medical and family history of HCC. Conditional logistic regression was utilized to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The effect modification of HCC risk between viral infection and environmental risk factors was also assessed.Results Being an industrial worker was an independent risk for developing HCC (OR 3.54, 95% CI 1.18, 10.63) after adjusting for viral infection, schistosomiasis and tobacco smoking. High relative risk of HCC was observed among HCV-infected individuals who were farmers (OR 9.60, 95% CI 3.72, 24.76), industrial workers (OR 12.90, 95% CI 4.33, 38.43) or active smokers (OR 5.95, 95% CI 2.20, 16.08). Conclusion Occupational exposure may play an important role in the development of HCC. Farming, industrial exposures and cigarette smoking may increase the risk of HCC among HCV-seropositive individuals. Future research focusing on mechanisms of occupational exposures among HCV patients in this population is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Epidemiologic risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rural region of Egypt

et al. 2010

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“…Single, double, and triple asterisks indicate sensitivity < 30× C max , < 10× C max , and < 1× C max , respectively. C max or exposure values were obtained from the following references: APAP, 700 µ M (Vale and Proudfoot, 1995); aflatoxin B1, 0.03 µ M (Hassan et al, 2006); amiodarone, 3.9 µ M (Regenthal et al, 1999); chlorpromazine, 1.6 µ M, (Regenthal et al, 1999); troglitazone, 2.82 µ M (Loi et al, 1999); and ximelagatran, 0.3 µ M, (Schützer et al, 2004). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PHH spheroids were the most sensitive system in the acute as well as chronic setting, indicating toxicity at exposure levels detected in exposed individuals (28.5 nM; Hassan et al, 2006), followed by HepaRG cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional, Functional, and Mechanistic Comparisons of Stem Cell–Derived Hepatocytes, HepaRG Cells, and Three-Dimensional Human Hepatocyte Spheroids as Predictive In Vitro Systems for Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Bell¹,

Lauschke²,

Vorrink³

et al. 2017

Drug Metab Dispos

151

145

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Reliable and versatile hepatic in vitro systems for the prediction of drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity are essential constituents of preclinical safety assessment pipelines for new medicines. Here, we compared three emerging cell systems—hepatocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells, HepaRG cells, and three-dimensional primary human hepatocyte (PHH) spheroids—at transcriptional and functional levels in a multicenter study to evaluate their potential as predictive models for drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Transcriptomic analyses revealed widespread gene expression differences between the three cell models, with 8148 of 17,462 analyzed genes (47%) being differentially expressed. Expression levels of genes involved in the metabolism of endogenous as well as xenobiotic compounds were significantly elevated in PHH spheroids, whereas genes involved in cell division and endocytosis were significantly upregulated in HepaRG cells and hepatocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells, respectively. Consequently, PHH spheroids were more sensitive to a panel of drugs with distinctly different toxicity mechanisms, an effect that was amplified by long-term exposure using repeated treatments. Importantly, toxicogenomic analyses revealed that transcriptomic changes in PHH spheroids were in compliance with cholestatic, carcinogenic, or steatogenic in vivo toxicity mechanisms at clinically relevant drug concentrations. Combined, the data reveal important phenotypic differences between the three cell systems and suggest that PHH spheroids can be used for functional investigations of drug-induced liver injury in vivo in humans.

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“…Studies on human serum samples mostly have limited sample sizes compared with the current study. In a study performed by Hassan et al (35) , the researchers measured the AFB 1 levels in the serum and milk of mothers (n 50) and serum of infants (n 50) in Egypt. Twenty-four out of fifty mothers and their infants had been contaminated with AF with the following mean contamination levels: 8?9 (SD 4?2) ng/ml (mothers' serum), 1?9 (SD 0?6) ng/ml (mothers' milk) and 1?8 (SD 0?9) ng/ml (infants' serum).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum aflatoxin levels of the healthy adult population living in the north and south regions of Turkey

Aydın

Sabuncuoğlu

Erkekoğlu

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To determine the serum concentrations of aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), aflatoxin B 2 (AFB 2 ), aflatoxin G 1 (AFG 1 ) and aflatoxin G 2 (AFG 2 ) in the healthy adult population living in both the Black Sea and Mediterranean regions of Turkey and to investigate the regional, seasonal and gender variability in aflatoxins (AF) exposure in these regions. Design: Serum AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 and AFG 2 concentrations were analysed by HPLC. Settings: In total, four hundred and eighty-four serum samples were analysed. Subjects: Four hundred and eighty-four healthy adult volunteers living in rural areas of the Black Sea and Mediterranean regions of Turkey were studied. Results: The mean serum concentration of total AF in the Black Sea region was 1?33 ppb (min-max 0?15-3?38 ppb) and 0?90 ppb (min-max 0?18-2?48 ppb) for summer and winter, respectively. In the Mediterranean region, the mean serum concentration of total AF was determined as 0?55 ppb (range 0?04-1?72 ppb) for summer and 0?45 ppb (range 0?12-1?43 ppb) for winter. The total AF concentrations in serum samples were statistically higher in summer compared with winter for the two regions. The differences between the regions were statistically significant concerning all samples, with higher total AF concentrations in the Black Sea region. Conclusions: The overall results suggest that the Turkish population living in these two regions is continuously exposed to AF, particularly in the summer, and that mycotoxin contamination in food should be monitored routinely for food safety and human health.

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Does aflatoxin as an environmental mycotoxin adversely affect the renal and hepatic functions of Egyptian lactating mothers and their infants? A preliminary report

Abstract: Mothers and their infants in our locality showed a relatively high aflatoxin contamination rate. We did not find a correlation of this contamination level and either renal or hepatic dysfunction.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Epidemiologic risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rural region of Egypt

Epidemiologic risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rural region of Egypt

Transcriptional, Functional, and Mechanistic Comparisons of Stem Cell–Derived Hepatocytes, HepaRG Cells, and Three-Dimensional Human Hepatocyte Spheroids as Predictive In Vitro Systems for Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Serum aflatoxin levels of the healthy adult population living in the north and south regions of Turkey

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