Dodecafluoropentane (DDFPe) and Decompression Sickness-Related Mortality in Rats

Sheppard, Ryan; Regis, David; Mahon, Richard T.

doi:10.3357/amhp.4068.2015

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Administration of a F-pentane P-SNEs (Echogen) increased central venous O 2 tension and effectively enhanced tissue denitrogenation under O 2 breathing in pigs [391]. Another study with a F-pentane P-SNE found no effectiveness in rodents [392]. An undesirable increase of pulmonary artery pressure and no effect on survival were observed with Oxycyte, also in swine [393].…”

Section: Delivery or Removal Of Therapeutic Gases Other Than Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids

Krafft

Riess²

2021

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Delivery or Removal Of Therapeutic Gases Other Than Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids

Krafft

Riess²

2021

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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“…But not every PFC preparation appears to be useful. In a recent study by Sheppard et al dodecafluoropentane (DDFPe) was associated with a high mortality and showed no beneficial effects in a rat model with DCS (Sheppard et al 2015). Randsoe et al demonstrated that under normobaric conditions, the combination of oxygen breathing and PFC leads to accelerated reduction of bubbles and that both therapies complement each other (Randsoe and Hyldegaard 2009).…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies in different animal species showed an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) (Hall et al 1985; Spiess et al 2009; Smith et al 2012). This observation, for example in sheep, is even more relevant, because severe DCI itself can cause high PAP due to nitrogen-bubble-associated mechanical obstruction or indirectly by endothelial effects with vasoconstriction (Josephson 1970; Sheppard et al 2015). A recent mixed-sex swine study using the emulsified perfluorocarbon Oxycyte™ revealed a prolonged PAP increase in this species (Mahon et al 2015).…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is one report of an adverse pulmonary reaction in human use concerning Fluosol™ (Vercellotti et al 1982). A possible explanation for this side effect of PFC emulsions could be a complement activation pseudoallergy (CARPA) caused by retention of lipid particles >0.35 µm in the lung that consecutively activate the complement system (Szebeni et al 2000; Sheppard et al 2015). PFC emulsions like Oxycyte™ with a particle size up to 0.6 µm (median size 0.2–0.25 µm) could trigger CARPA.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perfluorocarbons for the treatment of decompression illness: how to bridge the gap between theory and practice

Mayer

Ferenz

2019

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Decompression illness (DCI) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by supersaturation of respiratory gases in blood and tissues after abrupt reduction in ambient pressure. The resulting formation of gas bubbles combined with pulmonary barotrauma leads to venous and arterial gas embolism. Severity of DCI depends on the degree of direct tissue damage caused by growing bubbles or indirect cell injury by impaired oxygen transport, coagulopathy, endothelial dysfunction, and subsequent inflammatory processes. The standard therapy of DCI requires expensive and not ubiquitously accessible hyperbaric chambers, so there is an ongoing search for alternatives. In theory, perfluorocarbons (PFC) are ideal non-recompressive therapeutics, characterized by high solubility of gases. A dual mechanism allows capturing of excess nitrogen and delivery of additional oxygen. Since the 1980s, numerous animal studies have proven significant benefits concerning survival and reduction in DCI symptoms by intravenous application of emulsion-based PFC preparations. However, limited shelf-life, extended organ retention and severe side effects have prevented approval for human usage by regulatory authorities. These negative characteristics are mainly due to emulsifiers, which provide compatibility of PFC to the aqueous medium blood. The encapsulation of PFC with amphiphilic biopolymers, such as albumin, offers a new option to achieve the required biocompatibility avoiding toxic emulsifiers. Recent studies with PFC nanocapsules, which can also be used as artificial oxygen carriers, show promising results. This review summarizes the current state of research concerning DCI pathology and the therapeutic use of PFC including the new generation of non-emulsified formulations based on nanocapsules.

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Decompression illness: a comprehensive overview

Mitchell

2024

Diving Hyperb Med

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Decompression illness is a collective term for two maladies (decompression sickness [DCS] and arterial gas embolism [AGE]) that may arise during or after surfacing from compressed gas diving. Bubbles are the presumed primary vector of injury in both disorders, but the respective sources of bubbles are distinct. In DCS bubbles form primarily from inert gas that becomes dissolved in tissues over the course of a compressed gas dive. During and after ascent (‘decompression’), if the pressure of this dissolved gas exceeds ambient pressure small bubbles may form in the extravascular space or in tissue blood vessels, thereafter passing into the venous circulation. In AGE, if compressed gas is trapped in the lungs during ascent, pulmonary barotrauma may introduce bubbles directly into the pulmonary veins and thence to the systemic arterial circulation. In both settings, bubbles may provoke ischaemic, inflammatory, and mechanical injury to tissues and their associated microcirculation. While AGE typically presents with stroke-like manifestations referrable to cerebral involvement, DCS can affect many organs including the brain, spinal cord, inner ear, musculoskeletal tissue, cardiopulmonary system and skin, and potential symptoms are protean in both nature and severity. This comprehensive overview addresses the pathophysiology, manifestations, prevention and treatment of both disorders.

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Dodecafluoropentane (DDFPe) and Decompression Sickness-Related Mortality in Rats

Abstract: We conclude that DDFPe is not an effective nonrecompressive treatment for DCS in rodents. Sheppard RL, Regis DP, Mahon RT. Dodecafluoropentane (DDFPe) and decompression sickness-related mortality in rats.

Cited by 3 publications

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Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids

Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids

Perfluorocarbons for the treatment of decompression illness: how to bridge the gap between theory and practice

Decompression illness: a comprehensive overview

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