Documentation of Physical Measures, Anthropometrics and Blood Pressure in the Health and Retirement Study

Crimmins, Ellen; Guyer, Heide; Langa, Kenneth M.; Ofstedal, Mary Beth; Wallace, Robert B.

doi:10.7826/isr-um.06.585031.001.05.0014.2008

Cited by 95 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Blood pressure measurement protocol is described elsewhere [12]. The measures were based on an average of three readings; the Cronbach's internal consistency coefficient was above 0.93.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported and Measured Hypertension Among Older US- and Foreign-Born Adults

White

Avendaño

Capistrant

et al. 2011

J Immigrant Minority Health

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Self-reported hypertension is frequently used for health surveillance. However, little is known about the validity of self-reported hypertension among older Americans by nativity status. This study compared self-reported and measured hypertension among older black, white, and Hispanic Americans by nativity using the 2006 and 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 13,451). Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported hypertension were calculated using the Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure definition. Sensitivity was high among older blacks (88.9%), whites (82.8%), and Hispanics (84.0%), and both foreign-born (83.2%) and US-born (84.0%). Specificity was above 90% for both US-born and foreign-born, but higher for whites (92.8%) than blacks (86.0%). Despite the potential vulnerability of older foreign-born Americans, self-reported hypertension may be considered a reasonable estimate of hypertension status. Future research should confirm these findings in samples with a larger and more ethnically diverse foreign-born population.

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“…Blood pressure measurement protocol is described elsewhere [12]. The measures were based on an average of three readings; the Cronbach's internal consistency coefficient was above 0.93.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported and Measured Hypertension Among Older US- and Foreign-Born Adults

White

Avendaño

Capistrant

et al. 2011

J Immigrant Minority Health

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“…The primary HRS survey is administered biennially and includes variables related to demographic, social, economic, and health characteristics. Beginning in 2006, half of HRS respondents were randomly selected to participate in enhanced face-to-face interviews, including objective assessments of gait speed, grip strength, balance, and other indicators of physical functioning (15).…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating Persistent Pain in Phenotypic Frailty Measurement and Prediction of Adverse Health Outcomes

Lohman

Whiteman

Greenberg

et al. 2016

GERONA

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Background: Frailty, a syndrome of physiological deficits, is prevalent among older adults and predicts elevated risk of adverse health outcomes. Although persistent pain predicts similar risk, it is seldom considered in frailty measurement. This article evaluated the construct and predictive validity of including persistent pain in phenotypic frailty measurement. Methods: Frailty and persistent pain were operationalized using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2012 waves). Among a subset of adults aged 65 and older (n = 3,652), we used latent class analysis to categorize frailty status and to evaluate construct validity. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we compared time to incident adverse outcomes (death, fall, hospitalization, institutionalization, and functional disability) between frailty classes determined by either including or excluding persistent pain as a frailty component. Results:In latent class models, persistent pain occurred with other frailty components in patterns consistent with a medical syndrome. Frail and intermediately frail classes determined by including persistent pain were more strongly associated with all adverse outcomes compared with frail and intermediately frail classes determined excluding persistent pain. Frail respondents had significantly greater risk of death compared with nonfrail respondents when frailty models included rather than excluded persistent pain (respectively, hazard ratio [HR] = 3.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.99-5.00 (including pain); HR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.71-2.59 (excluding pain). Conclusions: Findings support consideration of persistent pain as a component of the frailty phenotype. Persistent pain assessment may provide an expedient method to enhance frailty measurement and improve prediction of adverse outcomes.

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“…Detailed information on the protocols used to assess physical performance is available from the HRS (Crimmins et al, 2008b). Some respondents had performance values outside the range of what would be considered normal functioning and that may indicate greater risk for negative health outcomes.…”

Section: Measurement Physical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some indicators of health remain constant across age among the oldest old partly because of selective mortality of unhealthy older adults (Crimmins, Kim, & Seeman, 2009). For instance, the prevalence of individual indicators of biological risk and summary measures of risk tend to maximize at ages in the 70s instead of at very old ages (Crimmins et al, 2006;Crimmins et al, 2009). There is also evidence that social differences in morbidity and mortality disappear at the oldest ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several studies have documented the potential for using biomarkers of aging to better understand the aging process of older adults younger than 80 years of age (Cawthon et al, 2009;Cooper, Kuh, & Hardy, 2010;Crimmins, Johnston, Hayward, & Seeman, 2006;Crimmins, Vasunilashorn, Kim, & Alley, 2008;Goldman, Glei, Lin, & Weinstein, 2009). However, there have been relatively few studies of measured indicators of health and functioning in the U.S. oldest old for those aged 80 years and older.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical and Biological Indicators of Health and Functioning in U.S. Oldest Old

Ailshire¹,

Crimmins²

2013

Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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This chapter examines biomarkers of aging, including indicators of physical performance and biomarkers of physiological dysregulation, among a representative national sample of U.S. adults aged 80 years and older with the aim of addressing three questions about the oldest old U.S. population: (a) How do levels of biomarkers of aging vary by age? (b) Are biomarkers of aging patterned by gender, race, ethnicity, and education? and (c) Which biomarkers of aging predict health and mortality. Data for this study come from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). This large population-based study of U.S. adults aged 80 years and older provides confirmation of the importance of biomarkers of aging for understanding health and longevity in the oldest old. The results indicate that physical functioning declines across age groups even among the oldest old, and that the oldest adults are more likely to have levels of physical performance, inflammation, and organ function that are considered to be high risk for poor health outcomes. In addition, social disparities in physical functioning continue to be evident among the oldest segment of the U.S. population. We also provide evidence for the value of several biomarkers of aging in predicting poor health outcomes among the oldest old. In particular, indicators of high risk for walking dysfunction and dysregulation in the lungs and kidneys were found to predict hospitalization and short-term mortality. ANNUAL REVIEW OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS

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Documentation of Physical Measures, Anthropometrics and Blood Pressure in the Health and Retirement Study

Cited by 95 publications

References 8 publications

Self-Reported and Measured Hypertension Among Older US- and Foreign-Born Adults

Self-Reported and Measured Hypertension Among Older US- and Foreign-Born Adults

Incorporating Persistent Pain in Phenotypic Frailty Measurement and Prediction of Adverse Health Outcomes

Physical and Biological Indicators of Health and Functioning in U.S. Oldest Old

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