Do we have a clear end‐point for cardioneuroablation?

Abstract

The first visionary study on cardioneuroablation was published by Pachon et al in 2005. 1 The authors compiled previous experimental knowledge on the parasympathetic control of sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes 2 and on the possible pathophysiological role of the autonomic nervous system in triggering atrial fibrillation (AF). 3 Based on clinical research, they suggested spectral analysis of atrial electrograms as the means for identification of ganglionic plexi (GP) already in 2004. They called these areas AF nests. 4 In the first description of cardioneuroablation, the group identified GP ablation sites either using spectral analysis of atrial electrograms or ablation was performed anatomically in the areas of epicardial fat pads containing GPs. The same researchers reported later on long-term results of cardioneuroablation in 43 patients. 5 This procedure prevented pacemaker implants in the majority of patients. Despite