“…Prior research has focused on energy efficiency and financial performance in Korea [ 19 ], China [ 20 ], Spain and Slovenia [ 21 ]; energy efficiency and productivity/exporting in Latin America [ 3 ], Ethiopia [ 22 ], and India [ 23 , 24 ]; waste and enterprise performance in Japan [ 25 ] and the US [ 26 , 27 ]; emissions and firm performance in Europe [ 28 , 29 , 30 ], Japan [ 25 ], and the US [ 26 , 31 , 32 ]; and other diverse countries worldwide [ 33 ]. Additionally, earlier studies have focused on a wide range of industries [ 2 , 27 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]; manufacturing firms [ 21 , 24 , 25 , 31 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]; manufacturing and industry [ 40 ]; manufacturing, service, and IT organizations [ 1 ]; mining and manufacturing companies [ 41 ]; energy companies [ 19 , 20 , 42 , 43 ]; fossil fuel-related and non-fossil-fuel-related industries [ 44 ]; and industrial and commercial firms [ 45 ]. Nevertheless, industries intensely diverge in their emanations, whilst a company’s environmental performance substantially hinges on its industrial positions [ 46 ].…”