Do ungulates facilitate native and exotic plant spread?

Bartuszevige, Anne M.; Endress, Bryan A.

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.11.007

Cited by 54 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The significance of mammal vectors as direct drivers of rapid large-scale changes in diversity and community composition might have increased as a result of human-mediated introductions of alien species into new areas. It is well known that diaspores of newly introduced alien species pre-adapted for endo-or epizoochory are spread by local mammals (Bartuszevige & Bryan, 2008;Chuong et al, 2016;Eschtruth & Battles, 2009). It can therefore be concluded that mammal vectors may also accidentally carry novel alien stowaways even if the stowaways are not specifically adapted for transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raccoons foster the spread of freshwater and terrestrial microorganisms—Mammals as a source of microbial eDNA

Solarz

Najberek

Wilk‐Woźniak

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim The aim of the study was to test the role of racoon (Procyon lotor), an invasive alien species, in the spread of microorganisms. We tested whether the spread of microorganisms can be detected by sampling microbial DNA sourced from the raccoon body, thus facilitating biodiversity research. Location Warta Mouth National Park, western Poland. Methods We used the V4 hyper‐variable region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene and Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing to identify microorganisms present on the body surface of raccoons. Results Out of 170 DNA samples, we obtained 15 PCR products that contained the target sequences of freshwater or terrestrial microorganisms. We found that raccoons carry and spread chlorophytes, alveolates, amoeboids and fungi on their body surface. We identified 16 different microbial organisms. The sequences of four organisms, Micronuclearia podoventralis (amoeboid), Parachloroidium lobatum and Jaagichlorella roystonensis (chlorophyta), and Mortierella polygonia (fungi), exhibited 100% identity to the best GenBank hit and were thus identified to the species level. The two chlorophyte species, Parachloroidium lobatum and Jaagichlorella roystonensis, are particularly noteworthy, as they were first described recently, in 2013 and 2019, respectively, and knowledge about their global distribution is very scarce. Main conclusions We demonstrated that raccoons may effectively spread terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms. By utilizing this novel source of microbial DNA, we also showed that mammals may be effective living samplers. This perspective is worth exploring, as in some cases it may efficiently reduce the burden required in traditional sampling and provide valuable insights into local biodiversity and distributions of species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raccoons foster the spread of freshwater and terrestrial microorganisms—Mammals as a source of microbial eDNA

Solarz

Najberek

Wilk‐Woźniak

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Many plants, both native and exotic (Eschtruth & Battles, 2009), interact with animal vectors for their dispersal, via endo-and epizoochory (Albert, Auffret, et al, 2015;Albert, Mårell, Picard, & Baltzinger, 2015). In temperate areas, both wild and domestic ungulates (Bartuszevige & Endress, 2008;Whitacre & Call, 2006) are involved in the long-distance dispersal of many plants. For instance, red and roe deer facilitated the expansion of a rare toxic plant, Cynoglossum germanicum (Boulanger et al, 2011), and thus affected its spatial distribution over a 30-year period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epizoochorous dispersal by ungulates depends on fur, grooming and social interactions

Liehrmann¹,

Jégoux

Guilbert

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The transport phase of the animal‐mediated plant dispersal process is critical to dispersal effectiveness as it determines the spatial distribution of the diaspores released and their chance for further recruitment. Assessing this specific phase of the dispersal process generally requires combining diaspore retention times with the associated distances covered. Here, we specifically tested the effect of grooming behavior, interindividual contacts and ungulate fur on diaspore retention times and associated dispersal distances for the hooked diaspores of Xanthium strumarium L. experimentally attached to tamed individuals of three ungulate species. We used a comparative approach based on differing fur quality on different body zones of these three ungulates. During 6‐hr sessions, we monitored for grooming and social interactions that may induce intended or inadvertent diaspore detachment. Additionally, we proposed innovative approaches to directly assessing diaspore dispersal distances by red deer in situ. Fat‐tailed functions fitted diaspore retention time, highlighting the potential for long‐distance dispersal events. The longer the hair, the higher the retention capacity of diaspores in the animal's fur. As predicted, donkey retained diaspores longer than red deer and dwarf goat; and we also confirmed that diaspores attached to the short hair of the head fell off more quickly than did those on the other body zones. Dwarf goat groomed more often than both red deer and donkey, but also when it carried diaspores. Up to 14% of the diaspores detached from animal fur after specific grooming behavior. We observed, in controlled conditions, for the first time and for each ungulate species, interindividual transfers of diaspores, representing 5% of the diaspores attached to animals’ fur. Our results militate for incorporating animal behavior into plant dispersal modeling approaches.

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“…Examples of interference with endozoochory notably included cases with terrestrial birds, such as silvereye Zosterops lateralis , Japanese white-eye Zosterops japonicas , southern cassowary Casuarius casuarius and emus Dromaius novaehollandia (Stanley and Lill, 2002 ; Bradford et al, 2008 ; Kawakami et al, 2009 ; Calvino-Cancela, 2011 ) or mammals such as deer, boar and cattle (Bartuszevige and Endress, 2008 ; Vignolio and Fernández, 2010 ; Dovrat et al, 2012 ). I found few studies on potential interference for other major disperser animals such as bats, and no studies on fish or reptiles.…”

Section: Effects Of Alien Plant Species On Zoochory In Aquatic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal and External Dispersal of Plants by Animals: An Aquatic Perspective on Alien Interference

Leeuwen

2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Many alien plants use animal vectors for dispersal of their diaspores (zoochory). If alien plants interact with native disperser animals, this can interfere with animal-mediated dispersal of native diaspores. Interference by alien species is known for frugivorous animals dispersing fruits of terrestrial plants by ingestion, transport and egestion (endozoochory). However, less attention has been paid to possible interference of alien plants with dispersal of diaspores via external attachment (ectozoochory, epizoochory or exozoochory), interference in aquatic ecosystems, or positive effects of alien plants on dispersal of native plants. This literature study addresses the following hypotheses: (1) alien plants may interfere with both internal and external animal-mediated dispersal of native diaspores; (2) interference also occurs in aquatic ecosystems; (3) interference of alien plants can have both negative and positive effects on native plants. The studied literature revealed that alien species can comprise large proportions of both internally and externally transported diaspores. Because animals have limited space for ingested and adhering diaspores, alien species affect both internal and external transport of native diaspores. Alien plant species also form large proportions of all dispersed diaspores in aquatic systems and interfere with dispersal of native aquatic plants. Alien interference can be either negative (e.g., through competition with native plants) or positive (e.g., increased abundance of native dispersers, changed disperser behavior or attracting additional disperser species). I propose many future research directions, because understanding whether alien plant species disrupt or facilitate animal-mediated dispersal of native plants is crucial for targeted conservation of invaded (aquatic) plant communities.

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Do ungulates facilitate native and exotic plant spread?

Cited by 54 publications

References 42 publications

Raccoons foster the spread of freshwater and terrestrial microorganisms—Mammals as a source of microbial eDNA

Raccoons foster the spread of freshwater and terrestrial microorganisms—Mammals as a source of microbial eDNA

Epizoochorous dispersal by ungulates depends on fur, grooming and social interactions

Internal and External Dispersal of Plants by Animals: An Aquatic Perspective on Alien Interference

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