Do Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) and agroforestry system affect native parasitoids associated with the Asian chestnut gall wasp?

Ferracini, Chiara; Bertolino, Sandro; Bernardo, Umberto; Bonsignore, Carmelo Peter; Faccoli, Massimo; Ferrari, Ester; Lupi, D.; Maini, S.; Mazzon, Luca; Nugnes, Francesco; Rocco, A.; Santi, Fabrizio; Tavella, Luciana

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.01.009

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…ACGW affects chestnut production in terms of the yield and economic losses in all of the invaded regions and countries (Battisti et al, 2014;Kos et al, 2015;Tang et al, 2015). The species also represents a perturbation of the natural trophic relationships between the community of native parasitoids and the oak cynipid gall wasps (Askew et al, 2006(Askew et al, , 2013Ferracini et al, 2018). In addition, a previous study highlights the strong influence of ACGW on plant-pollinator relationships, such as the effects of severe ACGW attacks on the honey components of C. sativa (Gehring et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental thermal levels affect the phenological relationships between the chestnut gall wasp and its parasitoids

2019

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Studies of thermal level‐related asynchrony in a host–parasitoid relationship are necessary to understand the effects of climate change on new host–parasitoid interactions. In the Asian chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and its Chalcidoidea parasitoids, phenological synchrony is assumed to be weather‐dependent in a new area of expansion. To evaluate the effects of environmental thermal regimes on the host, a phenology model for different cynipid stages (larvae, pupae, adults, and adult emergence) and a host–parasitoid phenological estimator are developed in three chestnut fields during two successive growth seasons and subsequently validated in areas with chestnut fields at two different altitudes. Comparisons of the timings of the juvenile and adult stages with those of the parasitoid complex demonstrate that the shortest period of occurrence for cynipids within galls has negative effects on the host–parasitoid relationships at higher temperature levels, thereby increasing phenological asynchrony for some parasitoids species. Reducing the development time of pupae and adults decreases the likelihood of success for some parasitoid species at higher temperature levels. We also record the extension of the gall wasp development time (approximately 15 days) at higher altitudes (linked to a lower mean temperature of approximately 1.5 °C). These results highlight how parasitization on the new hosts is dependent on the host phenology and, in the present study, is limited by the short duration of the presence of the host in galls, which could explain the considerable differences in cynipid gall wasp parasitization recorded at different altimeters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental thermal levels affect the phenological relationships between the chestnut gall wasp and its parasitoids

2019

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“…Biological control has been widely investigated as the priority method for the containment of exotic pests in general and of pests of woody plants in particular, and many studies have considered the potential of both introduced and autochthonous parasitoids to control invasive pests [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Most parasitoids attacking longhorn beetles belong to the Hymenoptera [ 32 , 33 ]; some attack hosts at the eggs stage (species in the families Eulophidae [ 34 ], Encyrtidae [ 35 , 36 , 37 ] and Pteromalidae [ 38 ]) and some attack hosts during the larval stage (species in the families Braconidae [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], Ichneumonidae [ 42 , 43 ] and Bethylidae [ 44 , 45 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Reproduction and Mass-Rearing of Sclerodermus brevicornis (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a Natural Enemy of Exotic Flat-Faced Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae)

Jucker

Hardy

Malabusini

et al. 2020

Insects

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Many species of long-horned beetles are invasive pests causing significant economic damage in agro-forestry systems. They spend the majority of their life-cycle concealed inside natural wood or wooden packaging materials and are largely protected from adverse environmental conditions and pesticide sprays. Biological control via parasitoid natural enemies including members of the bethylid genus Sclerodermus, has proven effective against some long-horned beetles that are invasive in China. In Europe, the biocontrol potential of native Sclerodermus species is being evaluated with a view to developing efficient mass-rearing techniques and then actively deploying them against invasive Asian beetles. Here, we continue evaluations of S. brevicornis by establishing that groups of females that have already reared offspring to emergence are capable of reproducing subsequent hosts and by evaluating the lifetime reproductive capacity of individual females provided with successive hosts. Additionally, we assess the laboratory shelf-life of adult females stored for different times at different temperatures including cold storage, and then assess the post-storage reproductive performance of groups of females provided with a single host. We found that adult female longevity declines with increasing storage temperature and that most aspects of subsequent performance are negatively affected by high temperatures. The adaptability to low temperature storage enhances the suitability of S. brevicornis to mass-rearing programs and thus biocontrol deployment.

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“…Interestingly, in the 3‐year period 2015–2017, no parasitoids, other than T. sinensis , were ever recorded, confirming how this parasitoid is able to effectively exploit the ACGW. These data are in accordance with recent findings, highlighting a decrease in terms of both species and specimens of the native parasitoid community associated with D. kuriphilus , after releasing the BCA T. sinensis (Ferracini et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seasonal flight activity and genetic relatedness ofTorymusspecies in Italy

Pogolotti

Cuesta-Porta

Pujadé-Villar

et al. 2018

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 Torymus sinensis Kamijo was released into Europe to control the Asian chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, proving to be an effective biocontrol agent. 2 In Japan, hybrids between this exotic parasitoid and the native congeneric Torymus beneficus Yasumatsu and Kamijo have been recorded, whereas no case of hybridization with natives has been reported for Europe. 3 The seasonal phenology of the Torymus species was investigated in north-west Italy and 172 997 chestnut galls (Castanea spp.), 7866 oak galls (Quercus spp.), 29 wild rose galls (Rosa spp.) and 44 bramble galls (Rubus spp.) were collected over a 5-year period. 4 The seasonal flight activity was recorded for eight native Torymus species [Torymus affinis (Fonscolombe), Torymus auratus (Müller), Torymus bedeguaris (L.), Torymus calcaratus Nees, Torymus cyaneus Walker, Torymus flavipes (Walker), Torymus geranii (Walker) and Torymus notatus (Walker)] and five of them were found to overlap with T. sinensis flight, namely T. affinis, T. auratus, T. flavipes, T. geranii and T. notatus. 5 Among the Torymus native species, T. notatus revealed to be morphologically and phylogenetically closely related to T. sinensis, thus suggesting hybridization potential.

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Do Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) and agroforestry system affect native parasitoids associated with the Asian chestnut gall wasp?

Cited by 32 publications

References 48 publications

Environmental thermal levels affect the phenological relationships between the chestnut gall wasp and its parasitoids

Environmental thermal levels affect the phenological relationships between the chestnut gall wasp and its parasitoids

Factors Affecting the Reproduction and Mass-Rearing of Sclerodermus brevicornis (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a Natural Enemy of Exotic Flat-Faced Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae)

Seasonal flight activity and genetic relatedness ofTorymusspecies in Italy

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