Do Sunlight and Vitamin D Reduce the Likelihood of Colon Cancer?

Garland, Cedric F.; Garland, Frank C.

doi:10.1093/ije/9.3.227

Cited by 753 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The role of vitamin D in CRC prevention was first hypothesised by Frank and Cedric Garland based on ecological studies (Garland & Garland 1980). These authors proposed that the inverse relation between solar radiation (latitude) and CRC mortality and incidence in USA might be due to vitamin D synthesis.…”

Section: 25(oh) 2 D 3 Is a Pleiotropic Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and colon cancer

Перейра¹,

Larriba²,

Múñoz³

2012

Endocrine-Related Cancer

110

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The most active vitamin D metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25(OH)2D3), is a pleiotropic hormone with wide regulatory actions. Classically, vitamin D deficiency was known to alter calcium and phosphate metabolism and bone biology. In addition, recent epidemiological and experimental studies support the association of vitamin D deficiency with a large variety of human diseases, and particularly with the high risk of colorectal cancer. By regulating the expression of many genes via several mechanisms, 1,25(OH)2D3induces differentiation, controls the detoxification metabolism and cell phenotype, sensitises cells to apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of cultured human colon carcinoma cells. Consistently, 1,25(OH)2D3and several of its analogues decrease intestinal tumourigenesis in animal models. Molecular, genetic and clinical data in humans are scarce but they suggest that vitamin D is protective against colon cancer. Clearly, the available evidence warrants new, well-designed, large-scale trials to clarify the role of vitamin D in the prevention and/or therapy of this important neoplasia.

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Section: 25(oh) 2 D 3 Is a Pleiotropic Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and colon cancer

Перейра¹,

Larriba²,

Múñoz³

2012

Endocrine-Related Cancer

110

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“…Observational epidemiological studies Garland & Garland (1980) were the first to report that CRC mortality in the United States is higher in areas where people are less exposed to natural sunlight. (Murphy et al 2012.…”

Section: Human Studies Vdr Cyp27b1 and Cyp24a1 Expressions In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Leyssens¹,

Verlinden²,

Verstuyf³

2013

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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The active form of vitamin D 3 , 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ), is mostly known for its importance in the maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. However, next to its classical effects on bone, kidney and intestine, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 also exerts antineoplastic effects on various types of cancer. The use of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 itself as treatment against neoplasia is hampered by its calcemic side effects. Therefore, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -derived analogs were developed that are characterized by lower calcemic side effects and stronger antineoplastic effects. This review mainly focuses on the role of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying signaling pathways. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its analogs inhibit proliferation, angiogenesis, migration/invasion and induce differentiation and apoptosis in malignant cell lines. Moreover, prostaglandin synthesis and Wnt/b-catenin signaling are also influenced by 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its analogs. Human studies indicate an inverse association between serum 25(OH)D 3 values and the incidence of certain cancer types. Given the literature, it appears that the epidemiological link between vitamin D 3 and cancer is the strongest for CRC, however more intervention studies and randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to unravel the beneficial dose of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its analogs to induce antineoplastic effects.

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“…The first human evidence to suggest a relationship between vitamin D and cancer prevention came from ecologic or geographic studies which suggested increased sunlight (UVB) exposure or populations living in lower latitudes had a lower incidence of colon cancer [10], and later a reduced risk of prostate cancer [11]. Because ultraviolet radiation can lead to vitamin D formation in the skin, this led to the hypothesis that vitamin D or one of its metabolites [25(OH)D or 1,25(OH) 2 D] may be protective against cancer.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Cancer Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomics, Vitamin D and Cancer Prevention

Davis

Milner²

2011

Lifestyle Genomics

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Although there is growing epidemiological, preclinical and clinical evidence suggesting that low vitamin D intake, exposure and/or status is associated with an increased risk of various types of cancer, the optimum amount needed remains controversial. Furthermore, there is evidence that a U- or J-shaped response curve exist between 25(OH)D and certain cancers. Increasing information about the impact of genetic variation, especially polymorphisms that influence absorption, transport, metabolism and associated molecular targets, should help clarify inconsistencies in the data regarding vitamin D’s effect on cancer risk. Rather than focusing on the main effects of a few variants of these genes alone, future studies need to consider gene-nutrient or environmental interactions. Nutrigenomics should clarify who might benefit and be placed at risk because of vitamin D exposure.

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Do Sunlight and Vitamin D Reduce the Likelihood of Colon Cancer?

Cited by 753 publications

References 13 publications

Vitamin D and colon cancer

Vitamin D and colon cancer

Antineoplastic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in breast, prostate and colorectal cancer

Nutrigenomics, Vitamin D and Cancer Prevention

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