Abstract:The authors investigate if same-gender peers in the immediate learning context have heterogeneous associations with academic outcomes of male and female students. By applying within-student across-subjects models to data from 44 countries in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, the authors examine “situational” within-classroom differences between immediate (peer) learning environments for the same student. The results show, first, that student outcomes are correlated primarily with trait… Show more
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