Do Private Schools Force Public Schools to Compete?

Arum, Richard

doi:10.2307/2096405

Cited by 79 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The most frequently used proxy to measure educational output is standardized student test scores, but there is no consensus on which scores to use. For example, Geller, Sjoquist, and Walker (2006) Arum (1996) used mathematics, reading, and vocabulary test scores from the tenth and twelfth grades. Moreover, there is no common agreement about the observation level.…”

Section: Competition and Public School Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, there is no common agreement about the observation level. Geller et al (2006) used school districts, Arum (1996) employed individual students, counties were used by Newmark (1995), and Hanushek and Rivkin (2001) chose Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs).…”

Section: Competition and Public School Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequently used computational techniques include the HerfindahlHirschman Index (HHI) (Borland & Howson, 1992), the percentage of all students in private schools (Jepsen, 2002;McMillan, 2000), grade-specific enrollment (Geller et al, 2006), and market share held by private schools (Arum, 1996). Each of these techniques is problematic as most studies use some form of market share which is just one aspect of market attributes.…”

Section: Competition and Public School Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hanushek (1986), Ching (2000, Hoxby (2000), Arum (1996), Adkins and Moomaw (2005), and Greene and Kang (2004) used different forms of the following variables: number of students, students' race, number of teachers, teachers' degree and experience, number of instructors, percentage of low income students, and average teacher salary.…”

Section: Output and The Unit Of Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Arum (1996) argued that using state level data is appropriate for measuring school 26 performance, because states are responsible for funding allocations. But higher levels of observation such as state or county or school district suffer from aggregation problems (Ching, 2000) as multiple schools are added together.…”

Section: Output and The Unit Of Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Does competition improve public school efficiency? A spatial analysis

Misra

Grimes

Rogers

2012

Economics of Education Review

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Proponents of educational reform often call for policies to increase competition between schools. It is argued that market forces naturally lead to greater efficiencies, including improved student learning, when schools face competition. In many parts of the country, public schools experience significant competition from private schools; however, the literature is not clear as to whether public versus private competition generates significant improvements in technical efficiency. A major hurdle for researchers examining this issue is determining a workable definition of competition by which they can measure the degree of competition within local markets. I address this challenge by developing a School Competition Index (SCI) for Mississippi through implementation of several Geographical Information System (GIS) tools. The SCI reveals the degree of competition for each public school based on their spatial location relative to peer private schools operating within their service area. GIS is a unique way to measure the degree of competition among public schools and private schools. Including components of market structure is not sufficient to measure the effects of competition in a market; market characteristics, which vary between locations, are also important. Market Template Created By: James Nail 2010 characteristics such as, religiosity, school location, and social capital are used in this dissertation as exogenous variables. Two stage stochastic frontier analysis and single equation stochastic frontier analysis are both employed to evaluate school efficiency.This dissertation finds that higher degrees of competition from private schools significantly increase public elementary school efficiency, as measured by the proficiency rates in different examinations. At the same time, competition from private schools does not improve public high schools efficiency. The results suggest that a ruralurban student academic achievement gap persists, and that community social capital stock is also important to some extent. Regardless of model or estimation procedure, students' race and socio-economic status significantly reduce public school efficiency. It is anticipated that the current results will inform policymakers regarding the viability of competition-based reforms after considering all these factors.

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Section: Competition and Public School Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Competition and Public School Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Competition and Public School Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Output and The Unit Of Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Output and The Unit Of Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Does competition improve public school efficiency? A spatial analysis

Misra

Grimes

Rogers

2012

Economics of Education Review

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School Choice

Davies¹

2007

The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology

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School choice refers to the use of public funds that give parents more discretion in their children's education. It usually entails making available to parents a wider variety of educational options beyond a standard, local public school. Examples of choice initiatives include charter schools, home schooling, voucher programs, tax credits for private schools, and the formation of magnet schools. While many parents exercise a “hidden” form of school choice via their selection of residential location, choice programs stir most controversy when they entail privatization, that is, the redirecting of governing authority from a public body to parents and/or school staff.

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School Choice

Davies¹,

Pizarro-Milian²

2014

The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology

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School choice refers to a set of initiatives that afford parents a greater degree of discretion over where their children are educated. Such initiatives usually entail making available to parents a wider selection of educational options beyond the standard, local public school. There are multiple types of school choice initiatives, including charter schools, magnet schools, home schooling, voucher programs, and tax credits for private schools. While many parents exercise a “hidden” form of school choice via their selection of residential neighborhoods, school choice has stirred the most controversy in cases where it has entailed privatization, that is, the redirection of governing authority from a public body to parents and/or school staff.

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Do Private Schools Force Public Schools to Compete?

Cited by 79 publications

References 18 publications

Does competition improve public school efficiency? A spatial analysis

Does competition improve public school efficiency? A spatial analysis

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