Do People Know About Privacy and Data Protection Strategies? Towards the “Online Privacy Literacy Scale” (OPLIS)

Information Privacy Awareness (IPA): A Review of the Use, Definition and Measurement of IPA

“…With the noted importance of an individual's awareness of IP, a number of studies have focused on an individual's levels of knowledge [5,41,42], literacy [31,32,39] and awareness [9,29,33] of IP. While the main purpose of this review is to examine how awareness has been used in IP research, we must also acknowledge the literature on knowledge and literacy.…”

“…In IP, we can say that we are aware or have knowledge about companies collecting our private information but it would be limiting to say we are literate about companies collecting our private information. Trepte et al, [39] and Park and Jang [32] proposed that literacy is a multidimensional construct. For example, Park and Jang propose that in order to measure an individual's literacy, a multi-dimensional literacy scale is needed that evaluates an individual's knowledge of technical familiarity, awareness of institutional practices and policy understanding.…”

“…It is not surprising to see that most of the articles that used TIPA were the articles that focused on knowledge, literacy or awareness [2,6,7,31,39,41].…”

“…Each scale was analyzed and coded into which IPA dimension was being addressed and whether the question was measuring subjective awareness or not (table 2). Even though there has been a call for more objective measures [2,39] only 48% of these articles objectively measure awareness..…”

“…Nonetheless, because of the breadth of articles included and our systematic use of forward and backward searches in key literature reviews, we are confident that the selected articles are representative of the use and measurement of IPA. Lastly, although we conceptualize the procedural knowledge that Trepte et al 2015 proposes in our general type 1 awareness constructs, we still need to evaluate if a separate dimension of procedural literacy should be added to our current multidimensional IPA model.…”