Do objects in working memory compete with objects in perception?

Zhang, Hang; Xuan, Yuming; Fu, Xiaolan; Pylyshyn, Zenon W.

doi:10.1080/13506280903211142

Cited by 32 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The first objective of the study was to validate whether combining 3D-MOT with a decision-making exercise could offer more challenging conditions while integrating broader contextual information. The dual-task condition produced a significant reduction in task performance in Experiment 1 and 2 which is consistent with most of the previous studies using dual-task MOT, 3D-MOT or spatial visual tests (Alvarez, Horowitz et al 2005, Allen, McGeorge et al 2006, Zhang, Xuan et al 2010, Thomas and Seiffert 2011, Faubert and Sidebottom 2012, Quevedo, Blázquez et al 2015, Lapierre, Cropper et al 2017. For example, Thomas & Seiffert (2011) observed a decrease in MOT performance between single and dual-task conditions (while walking) under high tracking load (≥ 3 targets).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Combining 3D-MOT with motor and perceptual decision-making tasks: conception of a life-sized virtual perceptual-cognitive training paradigm

Romeas

Chaumillon

Labbé

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The present study introduces a virtual life-sized perceptual-cognitive paradigm combining three dimensional multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) with motor (Experiment 1) or perceptual (Experiment 2) decision-making tasks. The objectives were to assess the impact of training on task performance and to determine the best training conditions for improvement and learning.Seventy-one participants were randomly trained under one of four training conditions (isolated 3D-MOT task, 3D-MOT simultaneously combined with a decision-making task, consolidated 3D-MOT and decision-making task, isolated decision-making task). Task performance was evaluated using speed thresholds, decision accuracy (%) and reaction time (s).Findings showed that the dual-task paradigm allowed satisfactory degrees of performance on both tasks despite an important dual-task cost. Interestingly, the results seemed to favor consolidated over simultaneous training for dual-task performance when 3D-MOT was combined with a motor task. The amount of attentional shared resources in regards to the nature of the additional task was discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Combining 3D-MOT with motor and perceptual decision-making tasks: conception of a life-sized virtual perceptual-cognitive training paradigm

Romeas

Chaumillon

Labbé

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…To perform this task, a person will typically centralize their gaze direction to a localized region, which would enable them to accumulate the greatest amount of critical information from the surrounding regions (24,40). Being able to efficiently assess the relevant information from this scene will determine the time and opportunity the individual will have to respond appropriately to the demands of the given scenario (20,42). Similarly, the NT device presents useful information (ball position, ball trajectories, ball collisions, and noncollisions) from several points across the visual field, which may allow the individual to deduce future ball positions, enabling them to maintain their attention on the items of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Tracking Speed Is Related to Basketball-Specific Measures of Performance in NBA Players

Mangine

Hoffman

Wells

et al. 2014

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

105

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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between visual tracking speed (VTS) and reaction time (RT) on basketball-specific measures of performance. Twelve professional basketball players were tested before the 2012-13 season. Visual tracking speed was obtained from 1 core session (20 trials) of the multiple object tracking test, whereas RT was measured by fixed- and variable-region choice reaction tests, using a light-based testing device. Performance in VTS and RT was compared with basketball-specific measures of performance (assists [AST]; turnovers [TO]; assist-to-turnover ratio [AST/TO]; steals [STL]) during the regular basketball season. All performance measures were reported per 100 minutes played. Performance differences between backcourt (guards; n = 5) and frontcourt (forward/centers; n = 7) positions were also examined. Relationships were most likely present between VTS and AST (r = 0.78; p < 0.003), STL (r = 0.77; p < 0.003), and AST/TO (r = 0.78; p < 0.003), whereas a likely relationship was also observed with TO (r = 0.49; p < 0.109). Reaction time was not related to any of the basketball-specific performance measures. Backcourt players were most likely to outperform frontcourt players in AST and very likely to do so for VTS, TO, and AST/TO. In conclusion, VTS seems to be related to a basketball player's ability to see and respond to various stimuli on the basketball court that results in more positive plays as reflected by greater number of AST and STL and lower turnovers.

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“…Second, and as mentioned above, the slot-based model has a clear, parsimonious and elegant interpretation, where WM, subitizing and parallel individuation might all rely on the system of parallel attention proposed by Trick and Pylyshyn (1994). However, given that taxing visual parallel attention does not seem to impair visual WM (e.g., Fougnie & Marois, 2006;Hollingworth & Maxcey-Richard, 2013; H. Zhang et al, 2010), a parallel attention system cannot be the basis for memory limitations either.…”

Section: Slot-vs Resource-based Models Of Wmmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Engle, 2002, for a review, but see Oberauer, Lewandowsky, Farrell, Jarrold, & Greaves, 2012, for an interference-based model of such tasks), other WM tasks such as the change detection paradigm (see below) show little to no interference with tasks testing parallel attention (e.g., Fougnie & Marois, 2006;Hollingworth & Maxcey-Richard, 2013;H. Zhang, Xuan, Fu, & Pylyshyn, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference and memory capacity limitations.

Endress

Szabó

2017

Psychological Review

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. However, the origins of these capacity limitations are debated, and generally attributed to active, attentional processes. Here, we show that the existence of interference among items in memory mathematically guarantees fixed and limited capacity limits under very general conditions, irrespective of any processing assumptions. Assuming that interference (i) increases with the number of interfering items and (ii) brings memory performance to chance levels for large numbers of interfering items, capacity limits are a simple function of the relative influence of memorization and interference. In contrast, we show that time-based memory limitations do not lead to fixed memory capacity limitations that are independent of the timing properties of an experiment. We show that interference can mimic both slot-like and continuous resource-like memory limitations, suggesting that these types of memory performance might not be as different as commonly believed. We speculate that slot-like WM limitations might arise from crowding-like phenomena in memory when participants have to retrieve items. Further, based on earlier research on parallel attention and enumeration, we suggest that crowding-like phenomena might be a common reason for the three major cognitive capacity limitations. As suggested by Miller (1956) and Cowan (2001), these capacity limitations might thus arise due to a common reason, even though they likely rely on distinct processes. Permanent repository link:

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Do objects in working memory compete with objects in perception?

Cited by 32 publications

References 58 publications

Combining 3D-MOT with motor and perceptual decision-making tasks: conception of a life-sized virtual perceptual-cognitive training paradigm

Combining 3D-MOT with motor and perceptual decision-making tasks: conception of a life-sized virtual perceptual-cognitive training paradigm

Visual Tracking Speed Is Related to Basketball-Specific Measures of Performance in NBA Players

Interference and memory capacity limitations.

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